Table 4.
Factors Associated with Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
| DCI | Non-DCI | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | |||
| Gender (male/female) | 15/20 | 44/56 | 0. 907 |
| Age (years) | 53.1±8.0 | 51.8±11.5 | 0.520 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.5±2.2 | 23.6±2.7 | 0.908 |
| Adverse lifestyle habits | |||
| Cigarette smoking | 13 (37.1%) | 28 (28.0%) | 0.311 |
| Alcohol consumption | 9 (25.7%) | 28 (28.0%) | 0.794 |
| Chronic diseases | |||
| Hypertension | 10 (28.6%) | 15 (15.0%) | 0.075 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 5 (14.3%) | 9 (9.0%) | 0.355 |
| Dyslipidemia | 9 (25.7%) | 21 (21.0%) | 0.564 |
| Coronary heart disease | 4 (11.4%) | 3 (3.0%) | 0.074 |
| Medication history | |||
| Statin use | 6 (17.1%) | 14 (14.0%) | 0.652 |
| Anticoagulant use | 2 (5.7%) | 5 (5.0%) | 0.870 |
| Antiplatelet use | 5 (14.3%) | 8 (8.0%) | 0.321 |
| Antihypertensive use | 7 (20.0%) | 14 (14.0%) | 0.399 |
| Hypoglycemic or insulin use | 4 (11.4%) | 7 (7.0%) | 0.475 |
| Vital signs | |||
| Systolic arterial blood pressure (mmHg) | 136.8±25.6 | 129.1±19.3 | 0.109 |
| Diastolic arterial blood pressure (mmHg) | 84.1±12.9 | 81.1±13.4 | 0.264 |
| Mean arterial blood pressure (mmHg) | 110.4±18.7 | 105.1±15.1 | 0.134 |
| Severity scales | |||
| Hunt-Hess scores | 4 (3–4) | 3 (2–3) | <0.001 |
| Modified Fisher scores | 3 (3–3) | 2 (2–3) | <0.001 |
| Aneurysm-related parameters | |||
| Position (posterior/anterior circulation) | 9/26 | 22/78 | 0.653 |
| Shape (cystic/others) | 27/8 | 86/14 | 0.222 |
| Diameter (<10 mm/≥10 mm) | 18/17 | 56/44 | 0.640 |
| Treatments (clipping/endovascular) | 17/18 | 36/64 | 0.190 |
| External ventricular drain | 10 (28.6%) | 12 (12.0%) | 0.022 |
| Complications | |||
| Acute hydrocephalus | 11 (31.4%) | 13 (13.0%) | 0.014 |
| Intraventricular bleeding | 10 (28.6%) | 12 (12.0%) | 0.022 |
| Pneumonia | 10 (28.6%) | 16 (16.0%) | 0.105 |
| Seizure | 7 (20.0%) | 10 (10.0%) | 0.143 |
| Biochemical indices | |||
| Blood glucose levels (mmol/l) | 14.2 (7.3–16.7) | 9.0 (7.2–11.2) | 0.029 |
| Blood leukocyte count (×109/l) | 9.5 (6.6–11.3) | 7.5 (5.0–12.1) | 0.216 |
| Serum sestrin2 levels (ng/mL) | 10.8 (7.3–12.9) | 6.6 (3.5–9.6) | <0.001 |
| Others | |||
| Admission time (h) | 11.9 (7.2–14.4) | 8.4 (3.4–13.5) | 0.185 |
| Blood-collection time (h) | 12.5 (7.5–15.4) | 9.2 (4.3–14.4) | 0.192 |
Notes: Variables were shown as number (percentage), mean + standard deviation or median (percentiles 25th-75th) as appropriate and statistical methods included the student t-test, Mann–Whitney test, Fisher’s exact test and χ2 test.
Abbreviation: DCI, delayed cerebral ischemia.