Fig 1. Directed Acyclic Graph to guide the selection of variables included in the inverse odds of sampling weights analysis.

Abbreviations: E: Exposure, HIV: Human immunideficiency virus, LTFU: Loss to follow-up, O: Outcome, RR-TB: Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Green circle represents the exposure, blue circles represent (ancestors of) the outcome. Red circles are ancestral variables of both the exposure and the outcome, and are in this analysis variables on which selection bias occurred in the targeted LPA based RR-TB diagnostic algorithm. Grey circles are variables not of importance in this exposure-outcome relationship. Green paths are causal pathways, red paths are biasing pathways.