Figure 4.

3D collision analysis: representative images from four patients of the collision analysis from 3D modelling in a right lateral (top) and superior (bottom) view demonstrating the incidence of collision of the virtual device implant throughout the cardiac cycle. A 0% incidence of contact throughout the cardiac cycle is represented in blue with a continuous scale to 100% contact throughout the cardiac cycle in dark red. (The three suggested implant locations for an atrial leadless pacemaker in this collision model are shown in supplementary material online, Figure S2.) IVC, inferior vena cava; RAA, right atrial appendage; SVC, superior vena cava; TV, tricuspid valve.