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. 2023 Aug 23;55(8):1573–1594. doi: 10.1038/s12276-023-01078-x

Table 2.

List of cell death-related diseases.

Type Disease Reference
Necrosis Inflammation and damage to surrounding tissues 37
Apoptosis (Deficient) Cancer, autoimmune disorders, and viral infections 231
Apoptosis (Excessive) Ischemic heart disease, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 231
Autophagic cell death Cancer, neurodegeneration, ischemic injury, and heart disease 7074
Autosis Severe liver disease 82
Entosis Cancer 191,192
Methuosis Cancer 180,181
Mitoptosis Mitochondrion-associated human diseases 232
Pyroptosis Infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases 112,113
NETosis Inflammatory and autoimmune disease 11,12
Necroptosis Neurodegenerative diseases, viral infections, ischemic injury, and cancer 141144
Parthanatos Smoke-related lung diseases, macular degeneration, Parkinson’s disease, and oxidative stress-related hearing disorders 233236
Ferroptosis Acute kidney injury, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and hepatic diseases 237
Cuproptosis Wilson’s disease 154
Oxeiptosis Allergies, autoimmunity, allograft rejection, cancer, and infection with pathogens 208