Necrosis |
Inflammation and damage to surrounding tissues |
37 |
Apoptosis (Deficient) |
Cancer, autoimmune disorders, and viral infections |
231 |
Apoptosis (Excessive) |
Ischemic heart disease, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome |
231 |
Autophagic cell death |
Cancer, neurodegeneration, ischemic injury, and heart disease |
70–74 |
Autosis |
Severe liver disease |
82 |
Entosis |
Cancer |
191,192 |
Methuosis |
Cancer |
180,181 |
Mitoptosis |
Mitochondrion-associated human diseases |
232 |
Pyroptosis |
Infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases |
112,113 |
NETosis |
Inflammatory and autoimmune disease |
11,12 |
Necroptosis |
Neurodegenerative diseases, viral infections, ischemic injury, and cancer |
141–144 |
Parthanatos |
Smoke-related lung diseases, macular degeneration, Parkinson’s disease, and oxidative stress-related hearing disorders |
233–236 |
Ferroptosis |
Acute kidney injury, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and hepatic diseases |
237 |
Cuproptosis |
Wilson’s disease |
154 |
Oxeiptosis |
Allergies, autoimmunity, allograft rejection, cancer, and infection with pathogens |
208 |