Table 1.

Mean difference for outcome and socio-economic characteristic variables.

Variables	Measurement	Contract for producer		t-test/chi-2	Contract for processors		t-test/chi-2
		Yes	No		Yes	No
Income	FCFA1	788391.77 (267655.45)	624500.38 (345672.34)	5.67***	888291.77 (367655.45)	724510.28 (376672.34)	3.67***
Age	year	45.93	45.63	−1.30*	42.83	47.62	−2.30**
Credit	FCFA	325025 (163887)	311458 (226578)	0.56	425035 (143587)	411358 (216478)	0.56
Type of contract
Tenant	1 = Yes 0 = No	35.90	33.50	0.22	45.90	49.50	0.82
Sharecropping	1 = Yes 0 = No	22.90	23.50	0.72	35.90	59.50	1.90*
Wage labor	1 = Yes 0 = No	29.90	37.50	0.92	15.90	19.50	0.62
Education (1 = Yes; 0 = No)	1 = Yes 0 = No	25.17	22.88	3.67***	27.56	25.84	4.57***
Gender	1 = Male; 0 = Female	83.75	81.25	1.41*	87.15	73.74	2.41**
Ln household Size	Number of people	5.63	5.42	−0.21	4.67	5.67	−0.21
Experience	Years	33.55	23.78	0.56	32.56	30.18	0.108
Access to quality product	1 = Yes 0 = No	56.54	49.31	−1.23*	59.78	55.98	−1.43*
Price level of parboiled rice	1 = Yes 0 = No	50.52	57.44	−0.34	52.62	53.24	−0.54
support to contracted farmers	1 = Yes 0 = No	38.90	36.50	0.12	48.90	46.50	0.72
Supervisor contract	1 = Yes 0 = No	61.10	48.50	3.45***	71.10	38.50	2.45**
Technical assistance	1 = Yes 0 = No	59.27	59.73	3.71***	53.25	50.43	3.71***
Member of a cooperative	1 = Yes 0 = No	60.18	59.50	4.01***	70.18	69.80	5.01***
Distance to market	Km	5.58 (2.03)	6.56 (1.89)	0.72	6.88 (2.03)	6.96 (1.89)	0.32

Note ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05 et * p < 0.1. Standard error within parenthesis.