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. 2023 Aug 20;9(9):e19213. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19213

Table 3.

Impact of educational assessment on GDP per capita.


Pooled OLS
Panel (MLE)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
PISA reading 0.602*** 0.308***
(10.87) (3.68)
PISA Math 0.651*** 0.418***
(8.51) (5.43)
PISA Science 0.614*** 0.284***
(8.53) (3.47)
PISA_average 0.663*** 0.381***
(9.27) (4.71)
N 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143
R-sq 0.457 0.424 0.403 0.440
Wald statistics Chi2(3) = 25.81 [0.0000] Chi2(1) = 22.24 [0.0000] Chi2(3) = 25.81 [0.0000] Chi2(1) = 22.24 [0.0000]

Note: t statistics are in parentheses, standardized beta coefficients are reported after using robust standard error.

*, **, *** - significance of coefficients at 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively.