Table 1.
Normal and Delayed Recovery Group Demographics and Method of Injury.
| Normal Recovery | Delayed Recovery | Total Sample | t (df)/ χ2 | p | Cohen’s d/ φ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 26 | 17 | 43 | |||
| Age at recruitment, M, (SD) | 12.93 (2.61) | 13.28 (2.31) | 13.07 (2.47) | -0.46 (41) | .65 | 0.14 |
| Sex, n (%) male | 21 (80.8) | 10 (58.8) | 31 (72.1) | 2.46 | .12 | 0.24 |
| Handedness, n (%) right | 24 (92.3) | 17 (100) | 41 (95.3) | 1.37 | .24 | 0.18 |
| Number of previous concussions, n (%) | ||||||
| 0 | 16 (61.5) | 12 (70.6) | 28 (65.1) | 0.61 (41) | .55 | 0.19 |
| 1 | 2 (7.7) | 3 (17.6) | 5 (11.6) | |||
| 2 | 5 (19.2) | 0 (0) | 5 (11.6) | |||
| 3+ | 3 (11.5) | 2 (11.8) | 5 (11.6) | |||
| Number of days between recruitment and imaging*, M (SD) | 14.62 (3.6) | 14.59 (3.9) | 14.60 (3.7) | 0.02 (41) | .98 | 0.008 |
| CT scan in ED, n (%) | 3 (11.5) | 2 (11.8) | 5 (11.6) | 0.001 | .98 | 0.005 |
| Method of Injury, n (%) | ||||||
| Fall | 19 (73.1) | 8 (47.1) | 27 (62.8) | |||
| Fall from bike/motorbike | 4 (15.4) | 0 (0) | 4 (9.3) | |||
| High speed projectile | 2 (7.7) | 1 (5.9) | 3 (7.0) | |||
| High impact object | 2 (7.7) | 1 (5.9) | 3 (7.0) | |||
| Collision with child or object | 11 (42.3) | 7 (41.1) | 18 (41.9) |
Age, number of days between recruitment and imaging, and number of previous concussions analysed with independent samples t tests. Sex, Handedness, CT scan analysed with χ2 tests. Method of injury not analysed due to participants belonging to multiple groups and missing data. *Recruitment occurred within 48 h of injury. SD, standard deviation; CT, computed tomography; ED, emergency department.