Table 2. Difference in the PROM Score Change From Baseline to 12 Months After Surgery Between Intervention and Control Group.

PROM	Intervention		Control		Mean between-group difference (95% CI)b	P valuec
	No.	Mean (SD) change in PROM scorea	No.	Mean (SD) change in PROM scorea
Patients with hip replacement
EQ-5D-5L	1854	0.287 (0.260)	1843	0.271 (0.262)	0.016 (−0.000 to 0.033)	.06d
EQ-VAS	1854	18.98 (22.06)	1843	16.88 (22.56)	2.10 (0.66 to 3.54)	.004e
HOOS-PS	1854	−33.79 (17.41)	1843	−31.93 (17.99)	−1.86 (−3.01 to −0.72)	.001e
PROMIS-depression	1854	−2.78 (7.69)	1843	−2.21 (7.89)	−0.57 (−1.07 to −0.06)	.03f
PROMIS-fatigue	1854	−4.32 (9.21)	1843	−3.63 (9.17)	−0.69 (−1.29 to −0.11)	.02f
Patients with knee replacement
EQ-5D-5L	1564	0.227 (0.255)	1546	0.220 (0.251)	0.007 (−0.011 to 0.025)	.44
EQ-VAS	1564	13.55 (21.60)	1546	12.31 (21.27)	1.24 (−0.27 to 2.74)	.11
KOOS-PS	1564	−17.35 (14.31)	1546	−16.36 (13.60)	−0.99 (−1.97 to 0.01)	.048f
PROMIS-depression	1564	−1.88 (7.62)	1546	−1.64 (7.71)	−0.24 (−0.78 to 0.29)	.37
PROMIS-fatigue	1564	−2.72 (9.09)	1546	−1.88 (8.81)	−0.84 (−1.48 to −0.22)	.008e

Abbreviations: EQ-5D-5L, European Quality of Life 5-Dimension 5-Level version; EQ-VAS, European Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale; HOOS-PS, Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score–Physical Function Shortform; KOOS-PS, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score–Physical Function Shortform; PROM, patient-reported outcome measure; PROMIS, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System.

^a PROM scores have different ranges: −0.661 to 1.0 for the EQ-5D-5L, 0 to 100 for the EQ-VAS, 0 to 100 for the HOOS-PS and KOOS-PS, 33.7 to 75.8 for the PROMIS-fatigue, and 41 to 79.4 for the PROMIS-depression. Due to the low score range of the EQ-5D-5L, 3 digits after the decimal point are reported.

^b The mean difference refers to the difference between intervention and control groups in terms of their mean change in the respective PROM score.

^c Based on independent sample t test.

^d P < .01.

^e P < .05.

^f P < .10.