Table 3. Hospitals in Kids’ Inpatient Database with Birth and Nonbirth Pediatric Hospitalizations and Estimated Per-Hospital Pediatric Volumes, 2009-2019.
| Characteristics | 2009 | 2012 | 2016 | 2019 | Change from 2009 to 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitals with birth hospitalizations | |||||
| Hospitals with births, No./total No. (%)a | 2784/4121 (67.6) | 2760/4179 (66.0) | 2747/4200 (65.4) | 2666/3988 (66.9) | −1.0 (−4.1 to 2.0)b |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) | 781 (312 to 1811) | 780 (311 to 1824) | 775 (314 to 1814) | 746 (291 to 1771) | −35 (−21 to −40)c |
| Rural hospitals | |||||
| Hospitals with births, No./total No. (%)a | 1011/1589 (63.6) | 992/1576 (62.9) | 932/1540 (60.5) | 890/1401 (63.5) | −0.2 (−5.6 to 5.3)b |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) | 290 (123 to 511) | 290 (132 to 499) | 272 (128 to 474) | 259 (115 to 453) | −31 (−8 to −58)c |
| Urban nonteaching hospitals | |||||
| Hospitals with births, No./total No. (%)a | 1149/1751 (65.6) | 1080/1726 (62.6) | 824/1404 (58.7) | 615/1120 (54.9) | −16.3 (−21.6 to −11.0)b |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) | 1074 (561 to 1885) | 983 (519 to 1784) | 818 (443 to 1474) | 693 (374 to 1320) | −381 (−187 to −565)c |
| Urban teaching hospitals | |||||
| Hospitals with births, No./total No. (%)a | 552/657 (84.0) | 678/807 (84.0) | 973/1183 (82.2) | 1144/1402 (81.6) | −2.9 (−6.9 to 1.2)b |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) | 2353 (1458 to 3564) | 2253 (1366 to 3506) | 1996 (1125 to 3152) | 1741 (944 to 2881) | −612 (−514 to −683)c |
| Freestanding children’s hospitals | |||||
| Hospitals with births, No./total No. (%)a | 8/54 (14.8) | 10/70 (14.3) | 18/73 (24.7) | 17/75 (22.7) | 53.0 (−63.9 to 169.9)b |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) | 119 (6 to 2403) | 65 (5 to 315) | 10 (1 to 571) | 429 (5 to 3326) | 310 (−1 to 923)c |
| Hospitals with nonbirth pediatric hospitalizations | |||||
| Hospitals with pediatric stays, No./total No. (%)a | 3985/4121 (96.7) | 3940/4179 (94.2) | 3808/4200 (90.7) | 3507/3988 (87.9) | −9.1 (−10.2 to −7.9)b |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) | 99 (24 to 364) | 69 (15 to 271) | 44 (10 to 189) | 38 (9 to 176) | −61 (−15 to −188)c |
| Rural hospitals | |||||
| Hospitals with pediatric stays, No./total No. (%)a | 1563/1589 (98.4) | 1525/1576 (96.8) | 1425/1540 (92.5) | 1256/1401 (89.7) | −8.9 (−10.6 to −7.1)b |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) | 50 (15 to 143) | 34 (10 to 99) | 19 (5 to 55) | 17 (5 to 44) | −33 (−10 to −99)c |
| Urban nonteaching hospitals | |||||
| Hospitals with pediatric stays, No./total No. (%)a | 1648/1751 (94.1) | 1555/1726 (90.1) | 1165/1404 (83.0) | 843/1120 (75.3) | −20.0 (−22.9 to −17.2)b |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) | 103 (23 to 361) | 65 (13 to 243) | 34 (8 to 126) | 25 (6 to 75) | −78 (−17 to −286)c |
| Urban teaching hospitals | |||||
| Hospitals with pediatric stays, No./total No. (%)a | 652/657 (99.2) | 790/807 (97.9) | 1145/1183 (96.8) | 1333/1402 (95.1) | −4.2 (−5.5 to −2.9)b |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) (IQR) | 611 (193 to 1597) | 438 (118 to 1351) | 210 (50 to 794) | 149 (34 to 645) | −462 (−159 to −952)c |
| Freestanding children’s hospitals | |||||
| Hospitals with pediatric stays, No./total No. (%)a | 54/54 (100) | 70/70 (100) | 73/73 (100) | 75/75 (100) | Not applicable |
| Hospital volume, median (IQR) | 7694 (2170 to 11 783) | 6790 (415 to 11 215) | 6682 (514 to 11 243) | 6059 (1036 to 11 308) | −1635 (−1134 to −475)c |
a
Denominator reflects all hospitals included in the Kids’ Inpatient Database each year. Hospital type and all hospital characteristics are missing for 238 818 hospitalizations (3.7%) in 2009.
b
Data are percentage relative change (95% CI).
c
Data are differences in medians (IQRs). Note that the difference in medians reflects differences in the distribution across years, not the distribution of the changes.