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. 2023 Sep 2;14:5355. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41121-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Illustration of the construction of COF-818 with two twisted monomers and COF-919 with planar and twisted monomers. PL spectra of M-TPh (b) and M-TPy (c) in THF/H₂O solutions with different water fractions (f_w). d Plots of the relative emission intensity (I/I₀) of M-TPh and M-TPy versus increased water fraction. PXRD patterns of COF-818 (e) and COF-919 (f). g Solid-state NMR spectra of AIE COFs. h IR spectra of COF-818 and COF-919. i XPS spectra of COF-818 and COF-919. j N₂ adsorption isotherms of COF-818 and COF-919. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.