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. 2023 Sep 2;14:5355. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41121-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Illustration of the AIE COF-based photothermal conversion. b Temperature changes in the control, COF-818 and COF-919 samples under the same conditions. c Photothermal stability of COF-919 during two heating-cooling cycles. d TEM images and DLS of COF-919; scale bar = 500 nm; data were repeated thrice independently with similar results. In vitro (e) and in vivo (f) thermal images of the control and COF-919 after different irradiation times. g Illustration of ROS generated by COF-based photosensitizers Illustration of efficient ROS generated by COF-based photosensitizers. h, i ROS generation assay. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.