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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 4.
Published in final edited form as: Lancet Microbe. 2023 Aug 7;4(9):e692–e703. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00171-4

Figure 3: Differences in cytokine and chemokine concentrations between unvaccinated and fully vaccinated participants at screening, day 14, and day 90.

Figure 3:

Each analyte had a separate mixed effect model, and all the models were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, trial groups, and COVID-19 waves. Trial groups were not adjusted at screening, since participants were transfused after screening. Among the covariates, only BMI has missing data, and the prevalence of missingness was 5%. Available case method was used to handle missing data. Significance after adjusting for multiple comparison using Bonferroni correction was defined by a p value cutoff of 0·0024. IFN=interferon. IL=interleukin. IP-10=inducible protein-10. MCP-1=monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. MIP-1α=macrophage-inflammatory protein-1α TNF-α=tumour necrosis factor-α. VCAM-1=vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. VEGF-A=vascular endothelial growth factor-A.