Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics and Demographic Features After Propensity Score Matching: VC Compared With VPT
| Variable | VC (n = 6,371) | VPT (n = 6,371) | Overall (N = 12,742) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, y | 66.2 ± 15.7 | 66.3 ± 15.9 | 66.3 ± 15.8 |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 3,064 (48.1) | 2,854 (44.8) | 5,918 (46.4) |
| Male | 3,307 (51.9) | 3,517 (55.2) | 6,824 (53.6) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Black | 657 (10.3) | 653 (10.3) | 1,310 (10.3) |
| Asian | 67 (1.1) | 84 (1.3) | 151 (1.2) |
| White | 5,161 (81.3) | 4,907 (77.5) | 10,068 (79.4) |
| Hispanic | 226 (3.6) | 401 (6.3) | 627 (4.9) |
| Native American | 36 (0.6) | 63 (1.0) | 99 (0.8) |
| Other/unknown | 203 (3.2) | 226 (3.6) | 429 (3.4) |
| BMI group | |||
| Underweight | 262 (4.1) | 282 (4.4) | 544 (4.3) |
| Normal | 1,943 (30.5) | 1,928 (30.3) | 3,871 (30.4) |
| Overweight | 1,688 (26.5) | 1,707 (26.8) | 3,395 (26.6) |
| Obese | 2,478 (38.9) | 2,454 (38.5) | 4,932 (38.7) |
| ICU admission diagnoses | |||
| Cancer | 63 (1.0) | 53 (0.8) | 116 (0.9) |
| Cardiac | |||
| Hypertension | 11 (0.2) | 11 (0.2) | 22 (0.2) |
| Other | 23 (0.4) | 15 (0.2) | 38 (0.3) |
| Arrhythmia | 87 (1.4) | 109 (1.7) | 196 (1.5) |
| Chest pain | 17 (0.3) | 15 (0.2) | 32 (0.3) |
| Heart failure | 195 (3.1) | 168 (2.6) | 363 (2.8) |
| Myocardial infarction | 212 (3.3) | 251 (3.9) | 463 (3.6) |
| Drug | |||
| Other | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | 2 (0.0) |
| Overdose | 50 (0.8) | 76 (1.2) | 126 (1.0) |
| Withdrawal | 9 (0.1) | 5 (0.1) | 14 (0.1) |
| Endocrine | 72 (1.1) | 91 (1.4) | 163 (1.3) |
| GI | |||
| Bleed | 70 (1.1) | 114 (1.8) | 184 (1.4) |
| Liver failure | 20 (0.3) | 32 (0.5) | 52 (0.4) |
| Other | 32 (0.5) | 96 (1.5) | 128 (1.0) |
| Hematologic | 94 (1.5) | 72 (1.1) | 166 (1.3) |
| Neurologic | |||
| Infection | 37 (0.6) | 15 (0.2) | 52 (0.4) |
| Other | 230 (3.6) | 293 (4.6) | 523 (4.1) |
| Stroke | 68 (1.1) | 72 (1.1) | 140 (1.1) |
| Obstetric and gynecologic | . . . | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) |
| Other | 260 (4.1) | 377 (5.9) | 637 (5.0) |
| Postoperative | 35 (0.5) | 56 (0.9) | 91 (0.7) |
| Renal | 168 (2.6) | 156 (2.4) | 324 (2.5) |
| Respiratory | |||
| COPD | 188 (3.0) | 136 (2.1) | 324 (2.5) |
| Failure | 197 (3.1) | 185 (2.9) | 382 (3.0) |
| Other | 154 (2.4) | 189 (3.0) | 343 (2.7) |
| Pneumonia | 731 (11.5) | 900 (14.1) | 1,631 (12.8) |
| Rheumatologic | 1 (0.0) | . . . | 1 (0.0) |
| Sepsis | 3,306 (51.9) | 2,860 (44.9) | 6,166 (48.4) |
| Trauma | 40 (0.6) | 22 (0.3) | 62 (0.5) |
| Comorbidities | |||
| APACHE score | 70.2 ± 25.6 | 70.4 ± 26.3 | 70.3 ± 26.0 |
| APACHE comorbidities | |||
| AIDS | 15 (0.2) | 40 (0.6) | 55 (0.4) |
| Hepatic failure | 91 (1.4) | 94 (1.5) | 185 (1.5) |
| Lymphoma | 100 (1.6) | 57 (0.9) | 157 (1.2) |
| Metastatic cancer | 294 (4.6) | 272 (4.3) | 566 (4.4) |
| Leukemia | 185 (2.9) | 79 (1.2) | 264 (2.1) |
| Cirrhosis | 129 (2.0) | 95 (1.5) | 224 (1.8) |
| Surgical admission | 30 (0.5) | 54 (0.8) | 84 (0.7) |
| Immunocompromised | 605 (9.5) | 604 (9.5) | 1209 (9.5) |
| Nephrotoxic exposure | 4,244 (66.6) | 4,217 (66.2) | 8,461 (66.4) |
| Nephrotoxic agent | |||
| Aminoglycosides | 281 (6.6) | 251 (6.0) | 532 (6.3) |
| Amphotericin B | 6 (0.1) | 1 (0.0) | 7 (0.1) |
| Antivirals | 248 (5.8) | 139 (3.3) | 387 (4.6) |
| Calcineurin inhibitors | 32 (0.8) | 29 (0.7) | 61 (0.7) |
| Contrast | 38 (0.9) | 58 (1.4) | 96 (1.1) |
| Loop diuretics | 1,072 (25.3) | 1,003 (23.8) | 2,075 (24.5) |
| NSAIDs | 1,613 (38.0) | 1,544 (36.6) | 3,157 (37.3) |
| Vasopressors | 2,500 (58.9) | 2,525 (59.9 | 5,025 (59.4) |
| Hospital information | |||
| Region | |||
| Midwest | 2,302 (37.5) | 2,455 (41.7) | 4,757 (39.6) |
| Northeast | 1,360 (22.2) | 930 (15.8) | 2,290 (19.1) |
| South | 1,596 (26.0) | 1,690 (28.7) | 3,286 (27.3) |
| West | 874 (14.3) | 813 (13.8) | 1,687 (14.0) |
| Hospital teaching status | 2,172 (35.3) | 1,966 (32.9) | 4,138 (34.1) |
| No. of beds | |||
| < 100 | 161 (2.7) | 197 (3.4) | 358 (3.0) |
| 100-249 | 1,205 (20.1) | 1,616 (27.8) | 2,821 (23.9) |
| 250-500 | 1,450 (24.2) | 1,265 (21.8) | 2,715 (23.0) |
| > 500 | 3,170 (53.0) | 2,737 (47.1) | 5,907 (50.1) |
| Laboratory data | |||
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 66.4 ± 34.2 | 67.1 ± 33.8 | 66.7 ± 34.0 |
| Baseline SCr, mg/dL | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 1.4 ± 1.2 |
| Baseline BUN, mg/dL | 31.6 ± 24.0 | 30.5 ± 23.3 | 31.1 ± 23.6 |
Data are presented as No. (%) or mean ± SD. APACHE = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; NSAID = nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug; SCr = serum creatinine; VC = vancomycin and cefepime; VPT = vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam.