Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics and Demographic Features After Propensity Score Matching: VM Compared With VPT
| Variable | VM (n = 1,824) | VPT (n = 1,824) | Overall (N = 3,648) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, y | 64.3 ± 16.2 | 64.1 ± 17.1 | 64.2 ± 16.6 |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 925 (50.7) | 860 (47.1) | 1,785 (48.9) |
| Male | 898 (49.2) | 964 (52.9) | 1,862 (51.0) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Black | 263 (14.6) | 204 (11.2) | 467 (12.9) |
| Asian | 33 (1.8) | 28 (1.5) | 61 (1.7) |
| White | 1,313 (72.9) | 1,388 (76.4) | 2,701 (74.7) |
| Hispanic | 71 (3.9) | 110 (6.1) | 181 (5.0) |
| Native American | 5 (0.3) | 14 (0.8) | 19 (0.5) |
| Other/unknown | 116 (6.4) | 72 (4.0) | 188 (5.2) |
| BMI group | |||
| Underweight | 98 (5.4) | 106 (5.8) | 204 (5.6) |
| Normal | 580 (31.8) | 580 (31.8) | 1,160 (31.8) |
| Overweight | 479 (26.3) | 464 (25.4) | 943 (25.8) |
| Obese | 667 (36.6) | 674 (37.0) | 1,341 (36.8) |
| ICU admission diagnoses | |||
| Cancer | 12 (0.7) | 13 (0.7) | 25 (0.7) |
| Cardiac | |||
| Hypertension | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) |
| Other | 2 (0.1) | 4 (0.2) | 6 (0.2) |
| Arrhythmia | 30 (1.6) | 28 (1.5) | 58 (1.6) |
| Chest pain | 5 (0.3) | 5 (0.3) | 10 (0.3) |
| Heart failure | 36 (2.0) | 39 (2.1) | 75 (2.1) |
| Myocardial infarction | 79 (4.3) | 67 (3.7) | 146 (4.0) |
| Drug | |||
| Other | |||
| Overdose | 7 (0.4) | 31 (1.7) | 38 (1.0) |
| Withdrawal | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) |
| Endocrine | 25 (1.4) | 34 (1.9) | 59 (1.6) |
| GI | |||
| Bleed | 21 (1.2) | 37 (2.0) | 58 (1.6) |
| Liver failure | 8 (0.4) | 7 (0.4) | 15 (0.4) |
| Other | 24 (1.3) | 35 (1.9) | 59 (1.6) |
| Hematologic | 19 (1.0) | 12 (0.7) | 31 (0.8) |
| Neurologic | |||
| Infection | 29 (1.6) | 2 (0.1) | 31 (0.8) |
| Other | 81 (4.4) | 72 (3.9) | 153 (4.2) |
| Stroke | 18 (1.0) | 23 (1.3) | 41 (1.1) |
| Obstetric and gynecologic | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) |
| Other | 107 (5.9) | 127 (7.0) | 234 (6.4) |
| Postoperative | 13 (0.7) | 11 (0.6) | 24 (0.7) |
| Renal | 59 (3.2) | 53 (2.9) | 112 (3.1) |
| Respiratory | |||
| COPD | 27 (1.5) | 37 (2.0) | 64 (1.8) |
| Failure | 44 (2.4) | 46 (2.5) | 90 (2.5) |
| Other | 44 (2.4) | 45 (2.5) | 89 (2.4) |
| Pneumonia | 181 (9.9) | 253 (13.9) | 434 (11.9) |
| Rheumatologic | . . . | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.0) |
| Sepsis | 941 (51.6) | 824 (45.2) | 1,765 (48.4) |
| Trauma | 8 (0.4) | 15 (0.8) | 23 (0.6) |
| Comorbidities | |||
| APACHE score | 71.2 ± 26.2 | 70.1 ± 27.1 | 70.7 ± 26.7 |
| APACHE comorbidities | |||
| AIDS | 8 (0.4) | 9 (0.5) | 17 (0.5) |
| Hepatic failure | 29 (1.6) | 24 (1.3) | 53 (1.5) |
| Lymphoma | 20 (1.1) | 14 (0.8) | 34 (0.9) |
| Metastatic cancer | 59 (3.2) | 55 (3.0) | 114 (3.1) |
| Leukemia | 32 (1.8) | 17 (0.9) | 49 (1.3) |
| Cirrhosis | 28 (1.5) | 35 (1.9) | 63 (1.7) |
| Surgical admission | 12 (0.7) | 10 (0.5) | 22 (0.6) |
| Immunocompromised | 123 (6.7) | 112 (6.1) | 235 (6.4) |
| Nephrotoxic exposure | 1,234 (67.7) | 1,248 (68.4) | 2,482 (68.0) |
| Nephrotoxic agent | |||
| Aminoglycosides | 66 (5.3) | 79 (6.3) | 145 (5.8) |
| Amphotericin B | 3 (0.2) | 3 (0.2) | 6 (0.2) |
| Antivirals | 94 (7.6) | 33 (2.6) | 127 (5.1) |
| Calcineurin inhibitors | 8 (0.6) | 7 (0.6) | 15 (0.6) |
| Contrast | 15 (1.2) | 21 (1.7) | 36 (1.5) |
| Loop diuretics | 253 (20.5) | 274 (22.0) | 527 (21.2) |
| NSAIDs | 410 (33.2) | 447 (35.8) | 857 (34.5) |
| Vasopressors | 825 (66.9) | 784 (62.8 | 1,609 (64.8) |
| Hospital information | |||
| Region | |||
| Midwest | 637 (37.0) | 710 (42.5) | 1,347 (39.7) |
| Northeast | 97 (5.6) | 266 (15.9) | 363 (10.7) |
| South | 660 (38.3) | 467 (28.0) | 1,127 (33.2) |
| West | 328 (19.0) | 226 (13.5) | 554 (16.3) |
| Hospital teaching status | 556 (32.0) | 602 (35.7) | 1,158 (33.8) |
| No. of beds | |||
| < 100 | 78 (4.6) | 41 (2.5) | 119 (3.6) |
| 100-249 | 593 (35.2) | 439 (26.8) | 1,032 (31.1) |
| 250-500 | 339 (20.1) | 346 (21.1) | 685 (20.6) |
| > 500 | 673 (40.0) | 811 (49.5) | 1,484 (44.7) |
| Laboratory data | |||
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 65.0 ± 34.6 | 66.1 ± 33.9 | 65.6 ± 34.3 |
| Baseline SCr, mg/dL | 1.5 ± 1.2 | 1.5 ± 1.1 | 1.5 ± 1.2 |
| Baseline BUN, mg/dL | 32.1 ± 24.2 | 30.9 ± 24.0 | 31.5 ± 24.1 |
Data are presented as No. (%) or mean ± SD. APACHE = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SCr = serum creatinine; VM = vancomycin and meropenem; VPT = vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam.