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. 2023 Sep 1;19(9):1615–1623. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.10596

Table 3.

Demographics of PD and non-PD groups: study 2.

Variable Control (non-PD) Group (n = 6,854) Study (PD) Group (n = 3,427) SMD
Sex 0.014
 Male 2,836 1,441
 Female 4,018 1,986
Age 0.029
 Young < 50 years 665 363
 Old ≥ 50 years 6,189 3,064
Obesity 0.004
 No 4,531 2,259
 Yes 2,323 1,168
Residential area 0.012
 Rural 4,087 2,063
 Metropolitan 2,767 1,364
Economic status 0.024
 Low 1,139 598
 Middle 3,259 1,628
 High 2,456 1,201
HTN 0.004
 No 2,595 1,291
 Yes 4,259 2,136
DM 0.034
 No 4,623 2,256
 Yes 2,231 1,171
CKD 0.050
 No 6,023 2,954
 Yes 831 473
TH 0.024
 No 6,591 3,279
 Yes 263 148

CKD = chronic kidney disease, DM = diabetes mellitus, HTN = hypertension, OSA = obstructive sleep apnea, PD = Parkinson’s disease, SMD = standardized mean difference, TH = tonsillar hypertrophy.