Table 1.

Input parameters used in the study economic model

Variable	Transition probabilities used in the Markov model
	Probability	Standard Error	Distribution	Source
Death (HF)	0.0089	0.001	Beta	[51]
Death (in hospitals)	0.037	0.004	Beta	[52]
Death (in ICUs)	0.11	0.01	Beta	[53]
Ward Hospitalization	0.156	0.05	Beta	[54]
ICU Hospitalization	0.147	0.02	Beta	[54]
Rehospitalization within 30 days	0.199(enalapril/candesartan) 0.088 (valsartan)	0.02 0.006	Beta Beta	[55] [55]
	Effects (risk ratio) of valsartan compares to enalapril (95% CI)
Target of effect	Risk ratio		Distribution	Source
Ward Hospitalization	0.77 (0.67–0.89)	0.06	Log-Normal	[38]
ICU admission	0.82 (0.72–0.94)	0.06	Log-Normal	[38]
Death	0.84 (0.76–0.93)	0.04	Log-Normal	[38]
	Effects (risk ratio) of candesartan (95% CI)
Ward Hospitalization	0.68 (0.57–0.81)	0.06	Log-Normal	[38]
ICU admission	1			[38]
Mortality	0.87 (0.74–1.03)	0.14	Log-Normal	[38]
	Yearly utility scores for HF patients
Model state	Utility scores (lower bound- upper bound)	Standard Error	Distribution	Source
No hospitalization	0.85	0.15	Beta	[40]
Hospitalization	0.828	0.14	Beta	[40]
	The cost items of valsartan, enalapril and candesartan (USD)
Cost items	Costs (USD)	Standard Error	Distribution	Source
Ward hospitalization	239	190	Gamma	[43, 44]
ICU	1,112	873	Gamma	[43, 44]
CCU	556	436	Gamma	[43, 44]
The average cost of hospitalization for HF per month	9,312	6,392	Gamma	[43, 44]
Valsartan	6.4	2.56	Gamma	Experts’ opinion
Candesartan	10.2	3.3	Gamma	[38]
Enalapril	4.3	1.02	Gamma	Experts’ opinion