Table 3.
Fecal bile acid profile of the HC and NAFLD groups
| Bile acid (μmol/g) | HC (n = 88) | NAFLD (MF) (n = 104) |
NAFLD (AF) (n = 95) |
P value | ||
| HC vs AF | HC vs MF | MF vs AF | ||||
| Total CA | 3.0 ± 6.8 | 8.8 ± 14.6 | 22.8 ± 26.5 | <0.0001 | 0.07 | <0.0001 |
| Unconj CA | 2.4 ± 6.5 | 7.3 ± 13.1 | 18.0 ± 20.5 | <0.0001 | 0.06 | <0.0001 |
| Conj CA | 0.7 ± 1.1 | 1.5 ± 3.6 | 4.9 ± 11.9 | 0.0002 | 0.7 | 0.0027 |
| Total CDCA | 7.4 ± 15.2 | 22.2 ± 42.8 | 87.8 ± 205.6 | <0.0001 | 0.7 | 0.0005 |
| Unconj CDCA | 7.1 ± 14.8 | 21.8 ± 42.3 | 86.2 ± 204.5 | <0.0001 | 0.7 | 0.0006 |
| Conj CDCA | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 5.3 | 0.02 | 0.9 | 0.03 |
| Total DCA | 572.4 ± 455.0 | 851.8 ± 924.9 | 1,273.2 ± 1,332.1 | <0.0001 | 0.12 | 0.008 |
| Unconj DCA | 568.9 ± 453.9 | 848.0 ± 922.4 | 1,262.7 ± 1,320.7 | <0.0001 | 0.12 | 0.008 |
| Conj DCA | 3.5 ± 3.3 | 3.8 ± 5.0 | 10.4 ± 21.4 | 0.0009 | 0.99 | 0.0009 |
| Total LCA | 269.1 ± 229.9 | 503.9 ± 690.7 | 581.4 ± 640.4 | 0.0007 | 0.013 | 0.6 |
| Unconj LCA | 269.1 ± 229.9 | 503.8 ± 690.7 | 581.3 ± 640.3 | 0.0007 | 0.013 | 0.6 |
| Conj LCA | 0.03 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.04 | 0.05 ± 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.88 | 0.14 |
| Total UDCA | 2.2 ± 4.8 | 7.1 ± 17.6 | 14.5 ± 20.0 | <0.0001 | 0.08 | 0.0033 |
| Unconj UDCA | 2.1 ± 4.7 | 7.0 ± 17.4 | 14.0 ± 19.3 | <0.0001 | 0.08 | 0.004 |
| Conj UDCA | 0.1 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 2.1 | 0.055 | 0.89 | 0.12 |
| Total HDCA | 9.5 ± 23.0 | 27.8 ± 62.7 | 45.3 ± 57.4 | <0.0001 | 0.04 | 0.048 |
| Unconj HDCA | 9.0 ± 22.9 | 27.4 ± 62.7 | 44.7 ± 57.3 | <0.0001 | 0.039 | 0.049 |
| Conj HDCA | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD.
AF, advanced fibrosis; CA, cholic acid; CDCA, chenodeoxycholic acid; Conj, conjugated; DCA, deoxycholic acid; HC, healthy control; HDCA, hyodeoxycholic acid; LCA, lithocholic acid; MF, mild fibrosis; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid; Unconj, unconjugated.