Table 2.
Endoscopic findings and medication usage
| Endoscopic finding | CRC (n = 30) | AA (n = 138) | NAA (n = 130) | Controls (n = 84) | P value |
| Diverticulosis, n (%) | 7 (23.3) | 65 (47.1) | 68 (52.3) | 39 (46.4) | a |
| Diverticulitis, n (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.2) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.2) | NS |
| Angiodysplasia, n (%) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (0.7) | 5 (3.8) | 6 (7.1) | b |
| Hemorrhoids, n (%) | 3 (10) | 22 (15.9) | 27 (20.8) | 24 (28.6) | c |
| BBPS median [range] | 9 [6–9] | 9 [5–9] | 9 [6–9] | 9 [5–9] | NS |
| Medication usage | |||||
| Acetylsalicylic acid, n (%) | 2 (6.7) | 9 (6.5) | 20 (15.4) | 6 (7.1) | d |
| Carbasalate calcium, n (%) | 3 (10) | 22 (15.9) | 12 (9.2) | 14 (16.7) | NS |
| Clopidogrel, n (%) | 2 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.3) | 2 (2.4) | NS |
| VKA, n (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.2) | 8 (6.2) | 1 (1.2) | NS |
| DOAC, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.9) | 5 (3.8) | 2 (2.4) | NS |
| NSAID, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.9) | 5 (3.8) | 12 (14.3) | e |
| Statin, n (%) | 8 (26.7) | 46 (33.3) | 42 (32.3) | 25 (29.8) | NS |
| ACE inhibitor, n (%) | 8 (26.7) | 43 (31.2) | 31 (22.3) | 18 (21.4) | NS |
| Bisphosphonate, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NS |
| Metformin, n (%) | 4 (13.3) | 7 (5.1) | 10 (7.7) | 6 (7.1) | NS |
| Insulin, n (%) | 1 (3.3) | 2 (1.4) | 4 (3.1) | 3 (3.6) | NS |
| Medical history | |||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 13 (43.3) | 75 (54.3) | 59 (45.4) | 34 (40.5) | f |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 5 (16.7) | 10 (7.2) | 16 (12.3) | 11 (13.1) | NS |
| COPD, n (%) | 2 (6.7) | 16 (11.6) | 10 (7.7) | 7 (8.3) | NS |
| Cerebrovascular events, n (%) | 9 (30) | 31 (22.5) | 33 (25.4) | 20 (23.8) | NS |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 2 (6.7) | 12 (8.7) | 15 (11.5) | 9 (10.7) | NS |
AA, advanced adenoma; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; BBPS, Boston Bowel Preparation Scale; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRC, colorectal cancer; DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; NAA, nonadvanced adenoma; NS, not significant; NSAID, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.
a
CRC vs AA (P = 0.017), CRC vs NAA (P = 0.004), CRC vs controls (P = 0.027).
b
AA vs controls (P = 0.008).
c
CRC vs controls (P = 0.040), AA vs controls (P = 0.024).
d
AA vs NAA (P = 0.020).
e
CRC vs controls (P = 0.029), AA vs controls (P = 0.001), NAA vs controls (P = 0.006).
f
AA vs controls (P = 0.045).