Table 2.
Summary of surgery-related adverse events
| n | % | Revision surgery | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wound event | ||||
| Degenerative | 20 | 1.4 | 16 | 1.1 |
| Tumor | 5 | 2.1 | 5 | 2.1 |
| Trauma | 1 | 2.1 | 1 | 2.1 |
| Infection | 19 | 9.5 | 14 | 7.0 |
| Dural leak | ||||
| Degenerative | 14 | 1.0 | 14 | 1.0 |
| Tumor | 5 | 2.1 | 5 | 2.1 |
| Trauma | 1 | 2.1 | 1 | 2.1 |
| Infection | 7 | 3.5 | 7 | 3.5 |
| Postoperative infection | ||||
| Degenerative | 8 | 0.6 | 4 | 0.3 |
| Tumor | 2 | 0.9 | 2 | 0.9 |
| Trauma | 1 | 2.1 | 1 | 2.1 |
| Infection | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 |
| Malposition of implanted material | ||||
| Degenerative | 6 | 0.4 | 6 | 0.4 |
| Tumor | 1 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.4 |
| Trauma | 1 | 2.1 | 1 | 2.1 |
| Infection | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.0 |
| New neurological deficits | ||||
| Degenerative | 15 | 1.1 | 3 | 0.2 |
| Tumor | 5 | 2.1 | 1 | 0.4 |
| Trauma | 1 | 2.1 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Infection | 2 | 1.0 | 1 | 0.5 |
| Rebleeding | ||||
| Degenerative | 14 | 1.0 | 7 | 0.5 |
| Tumor | 1 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.4 |
| Trauma | 2 | 4.2 | 2 | 4.2 |
| Infection | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Surgical goal not achieved | ||||
| Degenerative | 10 | 0.8 | 6 | 0.4 |
| Tumor | 3 | 1.3 | 1 | 0.4 |
| Trauma | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Infection | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Others | ||||
| Degenerative | 6 | 0.4 | 3 | 0.2 |
| Tumor | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Trauma | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Infection | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Secondary transfer to IMC or ICU | ||||
| Degenerative | 14 | 1.0 | –– | –– |
| Tumor | 16 | 6.8 | –– | –– |
| Trauma | 6 | 12.8 | –– | –– |
| Infection | 13 | 6.5 | –– | –– |
| Death | ||||
| Degenerative | 3 | 0.07 | –– | –– |
| Tumor | 2 | 0.9 | –– | –– |
| Trauma | 1 | 2.1 | –– | –– |
| Infection | 2 | 1.0 | –– | –– |