Table 4.
Logistic regression analyses of autonomic symptoms of patients with PD.
| OR | 95% CI | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal symptom | |||
| Age | 1.04 | 1.02 to 1.06 | 0.001 |
| Hoehn and Yahr stage | |||
| Stage 1 | Ref | ||
| Stage 1.5 | 0.73 | 0.35 to 1.52 | 0.39 |
| Stage 2 | 1.35 | 0.85 to 2.13 | 0.20 |
| Stage 2.5 | 3.95 | 0.70 to 74.9 | 0.20 |
| Stage 3 | 0.14 | 0.04 to 0.48 | 0.002 |
| MDS-UPDRS I score | 1.20 | 1.10 to 1.31 | < 0.001 |
| MDS-UPDRS II score | 1.16 | 1.09 to 1.24 | < 0.001 |
| pRBD | |||
| No | Ref | ||
| Yes | 2.13 | 1.26–3.70 | 0.006 |
| Urinary symptom | |||
| Age | 1.05 | 1.01–1.08 | 0.006 |
| MDS-UPDRS I score | 1.30 | 1.14–1.52 | 0.0003 |
| MDS-UPDRS II score | 1.17 | 1.08–1.28 | 0.0004 |
| Depression | |||
| No | Ref | ||
| Yes | 0.36 | 0.18–0.71 | 0.0003 |
| Cardiovascular symptom | |||
| MDS-UPDRS I score | 1.11 | 1.05–1.17 | 0.0002 |
| MDS-UPDRS II score | 1.07 | 1.02–1.11 | 0.002 |
| pRBD | |||
| No | Ref | ||
| Yes | 1.45 | 0.99–2.13 | 0.056 |
| Subtype | |||
| PIGD | Ref | ||
| TD | 1.64 | 1.05–2.58 | 0.03 |
| Indeterminate | 2.27 | 1.29–4.02 | 0.004 |
| Thermoregulatory symptom | |||
| MDS-UPDRS I score | 1.16 | 1.09–1.22 | < 0.001 |
| MDS-UPDRS III score | 0.97 | 0.95–0.99 | 0.01 |
| MDS-UPDRS IV score | 1.32 | 1.12–1.57 | 0.001 |
| Subtype | |||
| TD | Ref | ||
| PIGD | 2.70 | 1.77–4.13 | < 0.001 |
| Indeterminate | 3.12 | 1.80–5.44 | < 0.001 |
| Pupillomotor symptom | |||
| MDS-UPDRS I score | 1.18 | 1.12–1.25 | < 0.001 |
| MDS-UPDRS IV score | 1.33 | 1.09–1.65 | 0.006 |
| Depression | |||
| No | Ref | ||
| Yes | 0.47 | 0.25–0.85 | 0.01 |
| Subtype | |||
| TD | Ref | ||
| PIGD | 1.86 | 1.08–3.19 | 0.03 |
| Indeterminate | 3.35 | 1.79–6.23 | < 0.001 |
| Sexual function symptom | |||
| Age of onset | 1.03 | 1.01–1.05 | 0.003 |
| Hoehn and Yahr stage | |||
| Stage 1 | Ref | ||
| Stage 1.5 | 0.10 | 0.005–0.56 | 0.03 |
| Stage 2 | 0.83 | 0.55–1.25 | 0.38 |
| Stage 2.5 | 0.79 | 0.04–5.43 | 0.83 |
| Stage 3 | 1.12 | 0.04–0.48 | 0.91 |
| MDS-UPDRS I score | 1.14 | 1.09–1.21 | < 0.001 |
| Depression | |||
| No | Ref | ||
| Yes | 0.45 | 0.25–0.80 | 0.008 |
| LED | 0.99 | 0.990–0.996 | < 0.001 |
| Subtype | |||
| Indeterminate | Ref | ||
| PIGD | 0.45 | 0.22–0.94 | 0.03 |
| TD | 0.68 | 0.36–1.27 | 0.23 |
Abbreviations: PD Parkinson’s disease, Ref reference, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, MDS-UPDRS Movement Disorder Society revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, pRBD probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, PIGD postural instability and gait disturbance, TD tremor dominant, LED levodopa equivalent dose, PIGD postural instability and gait disturbance, TD tremor dominant.