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. 2023 Aug 22;14:1223828. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1223828

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Copyright © 2023 Abbaszadeh, Karimi and Rajaei

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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MicroRNAs are involved in regulating inflammation through different pathways. miR-16, miR-199a, and miR-182 downregulation induce inflammation in ESC by modulating the IKKβ/NF-κB pathway. In addition, miR-22-3p can increase inflammation by impacting the SIRT-1 which acetylates p65, causing p65 to move more efficiently to the nucleus and boost the transcription of inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, some miRNAs act through other pathways. miR-20a leads to the prolonged activation of ERK and promotes inflammation by suppressing DUSP-2. MAPK and PI3K are also affected pathways by miR-26b-5p, miR-6795-3p, and miR-215-5p which can participate in inflammation as prominent pathways.