Figure 3.

Fibrin is a critical regulator of mucosal immunity. Mucosal barriers are frequently damaged due to microbial, environmental, or mechanical stress, leading to fibrin deposition to stem blood loss, facilitate pathogen clearance, and repair tissue. Fibrin is proinflammatory and involved in immune regulatory processes, such as leukocyte migration and neutrophil effector function activation via the αMβ2 binding site on fibrin gamma chain. NETosis, neutrophil extracellular trap formation; ROS, reactive oxygen species.