Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the sample at the enrollment visit, Session 1 by biological sex.
| Variables | Women with HIV (n = 31) | Men with HIV (n = 34) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographic factors | |||
| Age | 36.40 (7.40) | 31.85 (8.78) | 0.04* |
| Education | 0.21 | ||
| < High school | 11 (35) | 9 (26) | |
| High school graduate | 12 (39) | 9 (26) | |
| > High school | 8 (26) | 16 (47) | |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.40 | ||
| Black, not Hispanic | 29 (94) | 31 (91) | |
| White, not Hispanic | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Others | 1 (3) | 3 (9) | |
| Unemployed | 18 (58) | 24 (71) | 0.30 |
| Risky health behaviors | |||
| Currently smoking | 14 (45) | 23 (68) | 0.07 |
| Number of Alcohol drinks/week | 0.50 (0.74) | 1.31 (1.78) | < 0.001** |
| Current use | |||
| Marijuana | 7 (23) | 23 (68) | < 0.001** |
| Number of times used/week | 4.78 (2.77) | 2.11 (1.89) | 0.02* |
| Urine toxicology screen positive for marijuana | 8 (25) | 19 (56) | 0.01* |
| Cocaine | 2 (6) | 1 (3) | 0.50 |
| Methadone | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.29 |
| Methamphetamines | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0.35 |
| Ever dependent/abuse alcohol | 2 (6) | 3 (9) | 0.72 |
| Ever dependent/abuse substances | 12 (39) | 8 (24) | 0.20 |
| Psychological profile | |||
| Major depression† in lifetime but not past year | 15 (48) | 14 (41) | 0.56 |
| Depressive symptoms (CES-D) (range: 0–60) | 16.06 (9.61) | 10.91 (6.77) | 0.03* |
| Perceived stress (PSS-10) (range: 0–40) | 22.16 (5.99) | 18.47 (4.79) | 0.008* |
| PTSD symptoms (PCL-C) (range: 17–85) | 35.29 (15.18) | 25.41 (8.04) | 0.02* |
| Childhood Trauma (CTQ) | |||
| Emotional abuse (range: 5–25) | 11.58 (5.99) | 9.34 (4.66) | 0.12 |
| Physical abuse (range: 5–25) | 10.87 (6.56) | 8.94 (4.73) | 0.35 |
| Sexual abuse (range: 5–25) | 9.19 (7.11) | 9.44 (6.28) | 0.42 |
| Emotional neglect (range: 5–25) | 12.52 (4.81) | 11.26 (5.29) | 0.30 |
| Physical neglect (range: 5–25) | 9.97 (4.53) | 8.79 (4.02) | 0.26 |
| Negative Life events (SLE) (range: 0–54) | 7.42 (4.82) | 6.88 (4.60) | 0.62 |
| Reported exposure to interpersonal violence | 10 (32) | 11 (32) | 0.99 |
| Reported exposure to sexual abuse | 11 (35) | 8 (24) | 0.29 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Body mass index | 28.48 (5.54) | 23.74 (4.66) | < 0.001** |
| Years living with HIV | 12.08 (6.27) | 8.62 (6.59) | 0.04* |
| Medication adherence (MASRI) missing ≥ 1 dose: | |||
| 3 days summated before visit | 9 (29) | 8 (24) | 0.62 |
| 2 weeks before visit | 11 (35) | 11 (32) | 0.79 |
| Last month ± | 14 (45) | 13 (38) | 0.57 |
| CD4 Count (cells/μl) | 0.18 | ||
| > 500 | 15 (48) | 22 (65) | |
| ≥ 200 and ≤ 500 | 13 (42) | 7 (21) | |
| < 200 | 3 (10) | 5 (15) | |
| Viral Load (HIV RNA (cp/ml)) | 0.53 | ||
| Undetectable | 12 (39) | 16 (47) | |
| Lowest detectable limit (20 cp/ml) | 8 (26) | 8 (24) | |
| < 10,000 | 8 (26) | 6 (18) | |
| ≥ 10,000 | 3 (10) | 4 (11) |
Note. Current use = use in the last month. CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; PSS-10 Perceived Stress Scale; PCL-C PTSD Checklist—Civilian version; CTQ Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; SLE Schedule of Negative Life Events Checklist; PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; MASRI Medication Adherence Self-Report Inventory. †based on the Structural Clinical Interview of Mental Health Disorders (SCID); ± visual analogue scale for proportion of doses taken in the last month; based on information extracted from the PTSD module on the SCID. Groups were compared on continuous variables using Wilcoxon two-sample tests and on categorical variables using chi-square tests