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. 2023 Aug 22;17:1230428. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1230428

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Schematic representation of the orexin system. Orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus project and receive projection from metabolic-relevant and sleep-wake-controlling nuclei (de Lecea et al., 1998; Peyron et al., 1998; Date et al., 1999; Horvath et al., 1999b; Brown et al., 2001; Eggermann et al., 2001; Eriksson et al., 2001; Funahashi et al., 2003; Yamanaka et al., 2003; Burdakov et al., 2006; Yoshida et al., 2006; Benedetto et al., 2012; Saito et al., 2013, 2018b; Alam et al., 2014; Baimel et al., 2017; Chung et al., 2017; Chowdhury et al., 2019). BF, basal forebrain; DRN, dorsal raphe nucleus; Hipp, hippocampus; Orx, orexin; POA/MPO, preoptic area/medial preoptic area; LDT, laterodorsal tegmentum; PPT, pedunculopontine tegmentum; PVH, Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; LC, locus coeruleus; TMN, tuberomammillary nucleus; VLPO, ventrolateral preoptic area; VTA, ventral tegmental area; ARC, arcuate nucleus; NPY, Neuropeptide Y; AgRP, agouti-related protein; POMC, pro-opiomelanocortin; CART, amphetamine-related transcript. Sleep and metabolic-relevant nuclei are color-coded and excitatory and inhibitory inputs are arrow represented.