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. 2022 May 2;43(3):301–306. doi: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2062392

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© 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — RDH12 role within photoreceptors. Once light changes the configuration of 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal, it gets released from rhodopsin (or cone opsin) and transported from inside of the photoreceptor discs to the cytoplasm by ABCA4. RDH8 is located in this zone of the outer segment and reduces most all-trans retinal to all-trans-retinol, within the visual/retinoid cycle. Excessive all-trans retinal and conjugation products such as A2E and 4-HNE, produced by light exposure-mediated lipid peroxidation, migrate to the inner segment and become the substrate of RDH12. The accumulation of the latter, due a poorly functional RDH12, lead to increased oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, enhanced cellular sensitivity to light-induced oxidative injury, and ultimately, apoptosis.