Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of vaccinated persons and unvaccinated controls at baseline of the matched sample (20499 vaccinated and 20499 unvaccinated).
| Characteristics | Unvaccinated(N=20499) | Vaccinated(N=20499) | Effect Size | Mean Difference [95% CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62.8 ± 14.6 | 66.3 ± 13.8 | -0.248 | -3.523 [-3.798, -3.249] |
| Sex: male | 58.3 | 60.9 | -0.027 | -0.026 [-0.036, -0.017] |
| Race: Caucasian | 57.3 | 58.3 | -0.011 | -0.011 [-0.020, -0.001] |
| Smoking status: current/past smoker | 22.7 | 24 | -0.015 | -0.013 [-0.021, -0.005] |
| BMI (kg/m²) | 27.5 ± 5.8 | 27.4 ± 5.5 | 0.007 | 0.038 [-0.071, 0.147] |
| Local (dialysis center) background risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (32) | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.112 | 0.041 [0.034, 0.048] |
| History of SARS-CoV-2 infection | 20.7 | 17.5 | 0.040 | 0.031 [0.024, 0.039] |
| History of hospitalization | 0.4 ± 0.8 | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 0.108 | 0.080 [0.066, 0.095] |
| Dialysis vintage (days) | 1870.1 ± 1723.9 | 1946.6 ± 1686.0 | -0.045 | -76.508 [-109.518, -43.497] |
| Etiology: Cystic Kidney Disease | 6.4 | 6.7 | -0.007 | -0.004 [-0.008, 0.001] |
| Etiology: Vascular Disease Hypertension | 10.5 | 11.8 | -0.021 | -0.013 [-0.019, -0.007] |
| Charlson Cerebrovascular Disease | 14 | 14.8 | -0.012 | -0.008 [-0.015, -0.001] |
| Charlson Congestive Heart Failure | 24.5 | 24.9 | -0.005 | -0.004 [-0.013, 0.004] |
| Charlson Diabetes with Organ Damage | 26.8 | 27.6 | -0.009 | -0.008 [-0.016, 0.001] |
| Charlson Mild Liver Disease | 11.5 | 11.1 | 0.005 | 0.003 [-0.003, 0.009] |
| FMC incident | 78.5 | 78.6 | -0.002 | -0.002 [-0.010, 0.006] |
| Treatment Modality: Online HDF | 52 | 55 | -0.031 | -0.031 [-0.040, -0.021] |
| Kt/V (6m) | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | -0.090 | -0.031 [-0.037, -0.024] |
| Treatment Time (min) (14d) | 244.4 ± 32.5 | 245.7 ± 27.9 | -0.045 | -1.375 [-1.961, -0.788] |
| Treatment Time (min) (6m) | 243.5 ± 32.0 | 244.8 ± 26.9 | -0.045 | -1.321 [-1.894, -0.749] |
| Nr. Treatments (14d) | 6.6 ± 1.3 | 6.4 ± 0.8 | 0.129 | 0.142 [0.120, 0.163] |
| Nr. Treatments (30d) | 12.6 ± 2.9 | 13.1 ± 1.6 | -0.194 | -0.463 [-0.509, -0.417] |
| Pre-DBP (mmHg) (14d) | 72.9 ± 12.3 | 71.2 ± 12.0 | 0.146 | 1.769 [1.534, 2.004] |
| IDWG (kg) (14d) | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 0.039 | 0.042 [0.021, 0.062] |
| IDWG (kg) (6m) | 2.1 ± 0.9 | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 0.026 | 0.022 [0.006, 0.038] |
| Post-weight - Dry Weight (kg) (6m) | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 0.043 | 0.026 [0.014, 0.037] |
| BCM OH (l) (6m) | 1.8 ± 1.4 | 1.7 ± 1.4 | 0.033 | 0.045 [0.019, 0.072] |
| Serum Albumin (g/dl) | 3.9 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.4 | -0.070 | -0.026 [-0.034, -0.019] |
| Serum Sodium (mmol/l) | 138.3 ± 3.1 | 138.4 ± 3.1 | -0.027 | -0.084 [-0.144, -0.024] |
| Serum Phosphorus (mg/dl) | 4.7 ± 1.3 | 4.6 ± 1.3 | 0.070 | 0.090 [0.065, 0.115] |
| Serum Calcium (mg/dl) | 8.8 ± 0.7 | 8.9 ± 0.7 | -0.075 | -0.051 [-0.064, -0.038] |
| Serum iPTH (pg/ml) | 370.2 ± 317.7 | 343.9 ± 298.4 | 0.085 | 26.272 [20.305, 32.239] |
| Serum Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.1 ± 1.4 | 11.3 ± 1.3 | -0.151 | -0.201 [-0.227, -0.175] |
| Serum Ferritin (µg/l) | 616.6 ± 455.1 | 609.2 ± 443.6 | 0.017 | 7.436 [-1.264, 16.136] |
| Serum TSAT (%) | 31.2 ± 16.0 | 31.9 ± 16.1 | -0.044 | -0.714 [-1.025, -0.403] |
| Serum C-Reactive Protein (mg/l) | 11.7 ± 14.9 | 10.6 ± 13.5 | 0.077 | 1.095 [0.819, 1.371] |
| Serum Platelets (no./mm³) | 195152.0 ±70206.9 | 194182.6 ± 66263.1 | 0.014 | 969.416 [-352.178, 2291.009] |
| Serum Leukocytes (no./mm³) | 6687.4 ± 2073.9 | 6620.5 ± 1992.1 | 0.033 | 66.919 [27.552, 106.285] |
| Serum ALT (IU/l) | 14.9 ± 8.5 | 14.6 ± 8.2 | 0.038 | 0.316 [0.153, 0.478] |
| Serum Potassium (mmol/l) | 4.9 ± 0.7 | 4.9 ± 0.7 | -0.003 | -0.002 [-0.016, 0.012] |
| Calcimimetic agents | 10.4 | 11 | -0.010 | -0.006 [-0.012, -0.000] |
| Antacids and Proton Pump Inhibitors | 40.6 | 42.6 | -0.020 | -0.020 [-0.029, -0.010] |
| Cardiac Vasodilators agents | 6.6 | 7.2 | -0.012 | -0.006 [-0.011, -0.001] |
| Renin-angiotensin-system (RAS)-acting agents | 26.7 | 26.7 | 0.000 | 0.000 [-0.008, 0.009] |
| Lipid-Modifying agents | 29 | 32.2 | -0.035 | -0.032 [-0.041, -0.023] |
| Anticancer and Endocrine agents | 1 | 1.1 | -0.005 | -0.001 [-0.003, 0.001] |
| Xanthine oxidase inhibitors | 15.4 | 16 | -0.008 | -0.006 [-0.013, 0.001] |
| Psychotropic agents | 22.5 | 24.2 | -0.020 | -0.017 [-0.025, -0.009] |
The 6757 patients who switched their exposure status during the study period appear in both groups. Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, categorical variables are expressed as percentage. The mean differences and 95% confidence interval (CI) are related to unvaccinated group minus vaccinated group. For effect size, we used Cohen’s d for continuous variables and Cramér’s V for categorical ones considering acceptable difference of 0.25 or less. BMI, body mass index. FMC incident, if the patient started the renal replacement therapy not more than 3 months before FMC admission. Online HDF, Online hemodiafiltration. DBP, diastolic blood pressure. IDWG, interdialytic weight gain. BCM OH, overhydration by the body composition monitor (BCM; Fresenius). TSAT, transferrin saturation. ALT, alanine transaminase. 6m, 6 months prior to index date. 14d, past 14 days prior to index date. 30d, past 30 days prior to index date.