Table 2.

List of training components and definitions

Training components	Definitions
Performance feedback	Comments provided vocally or electronically to caregiver participants on their performance in implementing behavioral procedures
Within-session instruction	Response-guided and individualized directions provided vocally to caregiver participants during live sessions on implementing a behavioral procedure
Modeling	A demonstration provided by researchers either live or via a video model to caregiver participants on how to implement behavioral procedures
Pre-session instruction	Vocal instruction provided to caregiver participants prior to the start of the first assessment or intervention session involving a presentation or review of content related to the study, behavioral principles, behavioral procedures, the rationale for implementing specific behavioral procedures, and/or how behavioral procedures should be used in the natural environment
Address questions	A researcher designates time to answer questions caregiver participants have on behavioral principles or procedures
Prompting	a researcher prompts caregiver participants to implement specific steps of a behavioral procedure as caregivers are implementing it with a child participant or confederate
Written instructions	Response-guided and individualized directions provided to caregiver participants on how to implement behavioral procedures; typically provided via an electronic document or email
Online instruction	Slideshows, lectures, and/or modules provided to caregiver participants in an electronic format and involves content related to behavioral principles and procedures; may include a rationale for implementing specific behavioral procedures and recommendations for how to implement procedures in the natural environment
Training until meeting criteria	Training or intervention continues until caregiver participants meet a certain performance criterion in implementing behavioral procedures
Collaborative problem solving	Discussion between a researcher and caregiver participant in which they address potential or current issues related to implementing behavioral procedures with child participants, discuss how the procedures should be used outside of live sessions, and/or develop target skills for caregiver or child participants
Written manual/handout	A written or typed guide provided to caregiver participants with content related to behavioral principles and/or procedures
Learning checks	Exercises or quizzes assessing a caregiver participant’s comprehension of behavioral principles and/or procedures; does not involve an assessment of a caregiver’s skill level in implementing behavioral procedures
Caregiver reflections	Report from caregiver participants describing their previous use of behavioral procedures with child participants
Practice outside of sessions	Caregiver participants practice implementing behavioral procedures with child participants outside of live sessions
Additional resources	Websites or readings researchers provided to caregiver participants on topics such as autism, behavioral principles, implementing behavioral procedures, or other related topics
Review of data	A researcher presents a caregiver participant with assessment or intervention data and explains the results
Practice exercises	A caregiver participant practices implementing behavioral procedures with a child participant or confederate during live sessions with a researcher
Booster training	Any repeated training provided to caregiver participants due to them not meeting a performance criterion in implementing behavioral procedures
Role-play	Caregiver participants either play the role of a child or interventionist to practice implementing behavioral procedures together without the presence of a child or confederate
Video self-modeling	Caregiver participants can observe their past performance in implementing a behavioral procedure for the purpose of learning correct/incorrect implementation of the procedures; video may include embedded performance feedback
Caregiver assessment	A test conducted by researchers on caregiver participant progress/current skill level in implementing a behavioral procedure
Homework assignments	Assignments related to behavioral principles or procedures given to caregiver participants to complete outside of live sessions
Performance feedback on learning checks	Comments given to caregiver participants on written exercises/quizzes they have completed assessing their understanding of ABA principles or procedures
Summary of content	A review provided to caregiver participants on behavioral principles or procedures used during live sessions; provided after live sessions
Caregiver goal-setting	Any instance in which caregiver participants set goals for themselves in learning behavioral concepts or procedures
Graphing sessions	Instruction provided to caregiver participants on how to graph and interpret assessment or intervention data