Table 2.
List of training components and definitions
| Training components | Definitions |
|---|---|
| Performance feedback | Comments provided vocally or electronically to caregiver participants on their performance in implementing behavioral procedures |
| Within-session instruction | Response-guided and individualized directions provided vocally to caregiver participants during live sessions on implementing a behavioral procedure |
| Modeling | A demonstration provided by researchers either live or via a video model to caregiver participants on how to implement behavioral procedures |
| Pre-session instruction | Vocal instruction provided to caregiver participants prior to the start of the first assessment or intervention session involving a presentation or review of content related to the study, behavioral principles, behavioral procedures, the rationale for implementing specific behavioral procedures, and/or how behavioral procedures should be used in the natural environment |
| Address questions | A researcher designates time to answer questions caregiver participants have on behavioral principles or procedures |
| Prompting | a researcher prompts caregiver participants to implement specific steps of a behavioral procedure as caregivers are implementing it with a child participant or confederate |
| Written instructions | Response-guided and individualized directions provided to caregiver participants on how to implement behavioral procedures; typically provided via an electronic document or email |
| Online instruction | Slideshows, lectures, and/or modules provided to caregiver participants in an electronic format and involves content related to behavioral principles and procedures; may include a rationale for implementing specific behavioral procedures and recommendations for how to implement procedures in the natural environment |
| Training until meeting criteria | Training or intervention continues until caregiver participants meet a certain performance criterion in implementing behavioral procedures |
| Collaborative problem solving | Discussion between a researcher and caregiver participant in which they address potential or current issues related to implementing behavioral procedures with child participants, discuss how the procedures should be used outside of live sessions, and/or develop target skills for caregiver or child participants |
| Written manual/handout | A written or typed guide provided to caregiver participants with content related to behavioral principles and/or procedures |
| Learning checks | Exercises or quizzes assessing a caregiver participant’s comprehension of behavioral principles and/or procedures; does not involve an assessment of a caregiver’s skill level in implementing behavioral procedures |
| Caregiver reflections | Report from caregiver participants describing their previous use of behavioral procedures with child participants |
| Practice outside of sessions | Caregiver participants practice implementing behavioral procedures with child participants outside of live sessions |
| Additional resources | Websites or readings researchers provided to caregiver participants on topics such as autism, behavioral principles, implementing behavioral procedures, or other related topics |
| Review of data | A researcher presents a caregiver participant with assessment or intervention data and explains the results |
| Practice exercises | A caregiver participant practices implementing behavioral procedures with a child participant or confederate during live sessions with a researcher |
| Booster training | Any repeated training provided to caregiver participants due to them not meeting a performance criterion in implementing behavioral procedures |
| Role-play | Caregiver participants either play the role of a child or interventionist to practice implementing behavioral procedures together without the presence of a child or confederate |
| Video self-modeling | Caregiver participants can observe their past performance in implementing a behavioral procedure for the purpose of learning correct/incorrect implementation of the procedures; video may include embedded performance feedback |
| Caregiver assessment | A test conducted by researchers on caregiver participant progress/current skill level in implementing a behavioral procedure |
| Homework assignments | Assignments related to behavioral principles or procedures given to caregiver participants to complete outside of live sessions |
| Performance feedback on learning checks | Comments given to caregiver participants on written exercises/quizzes they have completed assessing their understanding of ABA principles or procedures |
| Summary of content | A review provided to caregiver participants on behavioral principles or procedures used during live sessions; provided after live sessions |
| Caregiver goal-setting | Any instance in which caregiver participants set goals for themselves in learning behavioral concepts or procedures |
| Graphing sessions | Instruction provided to caregiver participants on how to graph and interpret assessment or intervention data |