Table 2.
FLAIR WM hyperintensity volumes and serum NfL concentrations.
| Characteristic | C+ T0: n = 39 T1: n = 25 T2: n = 22 |
C- T0: n = 39 T1: n = 32 T2: n = 26 |
HC T0: n = 40 T1: n = 36 T2: n = 27 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean with (SD; range) | ||||||
| total brain tissue volume at t0 (ml): | ||||||
| Gray matter | 920 | (41; 867 - 1027) | 911 | (35; 843 - 977) | 924 | (43; 841 - 995) |
| White matter | 631 | (25; 591 - 676) | 623 | (26; 563 - 697) | 620 | (24; 571 - 666) |
| FLAIR WM hyperintensity (mL): | ||||||
| Total T0 | 1.65 | (1.8; 0.27 - 7.81) | 1.65 | (1.0; 0.58 - 4.70) | 1.60 | (0.9; 0.27 - 3.93) |
| Total T1 | 1.87 | (2.1; 0.27 - 7.91) | 1.85 | (1.2; 0.00 - 4.74) | 1.51 | (1.0; 0.28 - 3.88) |
| Total T2 | 2.10 | (2.4; 0.38 - 8.19) | 1.78 | (1.1; 0.56 - 4.82) | 1.62 | (1.0; 0.37 - 4.06) |
| Periventricular T0 | 1.13 | (1.0; 0.26 - 4.88) | 1.34 | (0.7; 0.32 - 3.59) | 1.27 | (0.8; 0.16 - 3.49) |
| Periventricular T1 | 1.22 | (1.3; 0.22 - 5.13) | 1.34 | (0.8; 0 - 3.64) | 1.18 | (0.8; 0.18 - 3.47) |
| Periventricular T2 | 1.35 | (1.4; 0.28 - 6.64) | 1.30 | (0.8; 0.32 - 3.72) | 1.29 | (0.9; 0.24 - 3.62) |
| Deep white matter T0 | 0.42 | (0.9; 0 - 4.63) | 0.40 | (0.4; 0 - 1.38) | 0.26 | (0.2; 0 - 1.03) |
| Deep white matter T1 | 0.54 | (1.1; 0 - 4.81) | 0.41 | (0.4; 0 - 1.42) | 0.25 | (0.2; 0 - 1.12) |
| Deep white matter T2 | 0.63 | (1.2; 0.01 - 4.98) | 0.39 | (0.4; 0.03 - 1.39) | 0.23 | (0.3; 0 - 1.21) |
| Juxtacortical T0 | 0.08 | (0.1; 0 - 0.49) | 0.07 | (0.1; 0 - 0.36) | 0.06 | (0.1; 0 - 0.53) |
| Juxtacortical T1 | 0.10 | (0.1; 0 - 0.50) | 0.07 | (0.1; 0 - 0.38) | 0.06 | (0.1; 0 - 0.50) |
| Juxtacortical T2 | 0.11 | (0.1; 0 - 0.49) | 0.07 | (0.1; 0 - 0.36) | 0.07 | (0.1; 0 - 0.49) |
| Total new at T1 vs. T0 | 0.02 | (0.02; 0 - 0.06) | 0.02 | (0.02; 0 - 0.07) | 0.01 | (1; 0 - 0.04) |
| Total new at T2 vs. T1 | 0.02 | (0.02; 0 - 0.11) | 0.02 | (0.02; 0 - 0.06) | 0.04 | (0.09; 0 - 0.48) |
| Total enlarging at T1 vs. T0 | 0.12 | (0.16; 0.01 - 0.53) | 0.08 | (0.10; 0 - 0.46) | 0.06 | (0.05; 0 - 0.23) |
| Total enlarging at T2 vs. T1 | 0.12 | (0.21; 0 - 0.94) | 0.08 | (0.09; 0 - 0.33) | 0.10 | (0.08; 0 - 0.32) |
| Serum NfL concentration (pg/mL): | ||||||
| T0 | 15.20 | (18; 5.82 - 67.63) | 14.53 | (17; 1.85 - 69.88) | 12.58 | (11; 3.76 - 48.45) |
| T1 | 39.25 | (40; 4.62 - 161.32) | 14.13 | (9; 3.06 - 37.75) | 11.80 | (16; 4.63 - 63.54) |
| T2 | 15.75 | (10; 5.31 - 43.20) | 12.59 | (12; 7.15 - 65.31) | 14.77 | (15; 2.18 - 77.82) |
Abbreviations: C+, breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy; C-, chemotherapy-naïve patients with breast cancer; FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery scan; HC, healthy controls; NfL, neurofilament-light chain; T0, time point before chemotherapy; T1, time point after surgery + chemotherapy + radiotherapy; T2, time point one year after ending chemotherapy for C+ patients; and at matched interval timepoints for HC and C- patients; WM, white matter.