Table 1.
Patient demographics/characteristics
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Sex | |
| Male | 70 (75.3) |
| Female | 23 (24.7) |
| Age (yr) | 57.8±15.6 (17.0–84.0) |
| COPD | 17 (18.3) |
| Stroke | 20 (21.5) |
| End-stage renal disease | 7 (7.5) |
| Diabetes | 31 (33.3) |
| Current smoking | 55 (59.1) |
| Body mass index | |
| Underweight | 4 (4.3) |
| Normal | 26 (28.3) |
| Overweight | 18 (19.6) |
| Obese | 44 (47.8) |
| Surgery type | |
| Valve | 19 (20.7) |
| CABG | 11 (12.0) |
| ECMO | 11 (12.0) |
| Transplant | 8 (8.7) |
| CABG+ | 8 (8.7) |
| Aortic replacement | 9 (9.8) |
| Impella/LVAD | 7 (7.6) |
| Lung resection | 5 (5.4) |
| Vascular | 4 (4.3) |
| Esophagectomy | 3 (3.3) |
| Total artificial heart | 1 (1.1) |
| Esophageal stent | 1 (1.1) |
| Embolectomy | 1 (1.1) |
| Aorto-enteric fistula | 1 (1.1) |
| Other thoracic | 3 (3.3) |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation (range).
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; LVAD, left ventricular assist device.