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. 2023 Aug 23;17:1217368. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1217368

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) optical response analysis for E-S coupling. (A) An illustration demonstrating the arrangement for recording optical signals with increment stimulation of 10- to 55-volt. Measurement points of optical signals were shown filled red diamond in the (A) (i) image. The maximum values of SP and SR immediate peaks [open invert-triangles in the image of (A) (ii)] are represented. The PR-ratio is defined as the ratio of its values of SP and SR immediate peaks [(A) (ii), right]. (B–E) (i) Changes in the maximum immediate peak value of SP and SR are shown at each concentration and stimulus intensity. Black filled triangles indicate maximum immediate peak values of 10- and 55-volt. Plots are illustrated as mean ± SEM from n = 8 to 16 slices. (ii) Comparison of the PR-ratio in weak (10-volt) and saturated (55-volt) stimulation. Boxplot of PR-ratios are illustrated from n = 8 to 16 slices. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ns, not significant (Dunnett’s test). VSD, voltage-sensitivity dye; PiTX, picrotoxin; GZ, gabazine; 4AP, 4-amino pyridine; Pilo, pilocarpine; ΔF/F, ratio of the fractional change in voltage-sensitive dye fluorescence to the initial amount of fluorescence; SR, stratum radiatum; SP, stratum pyramidale; C, control; V, vehicle; L, low; M, middle; H, high.