Table 4.
The subgroup analysis in 3 population groups
| ES in population-based study (95%CI) % | P | ES in clinic-based study (95%CI) % | P | ES in specific population study (95%CI) % | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Definition | 0.35 | 0.77 | 0.95 | |||
| ≥ 2005 | 1.61(0.41,3.52) | // | 1.20(0.43,2.34) | // | 8.50(1.98,18.88) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 1996 | 3.06(0.91,6.35) | < 0.001 | ||||
| < 1996 | 2.56(0.54,5.99) | < 0.001 | 1.14(0.30,2.50) | // | 7.50(3.56,12.70) | < 0.001 |
| un | 1.30(0.88,1.79) | < 0.001 | 1.63(0.71,2.90) | < 0.001 | 9.21(1.32,22.91) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | 0.056 | 0.018 | 0.98 | |||
| Male | 5.86(1.71,12.20) | < 0.001 | 2.29(0.88,4.31) | < 0.001 | 4.69 (1.71 8.97) | < 0.001 |
| Female | 1.50(0.44,3.14) | < 0.001 | 1.27(0.55 2.26) | < 0.05 | 4.58(1.24 9.69) | < 0.001 |
| Continent Partial | < 0.001 0.21 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 0.14 | |||
| Asia | 2.53(1.21,4.30) | < 0.001 | 1.76(0.87,2.93) | < 0.001 | 12.77(4.33,24.73) | < 0.001 |
| Europe | 1.82(0.63,3.55) | < 0.001 | 0.38(0.24,0.55) | // | 4.85(1.21,10.62) | < 0.001 |
| South America | 1.15(0.59,1.88) | < 0.05 | 1.36(0.82,2.02) | // | 0.25(0.01,1.40) | // |
| North America | 0.33(0.31,0.34) | // | a | a | 7.69(5.54,10.16) | // |
| Africa | 2.43(1.80,3.21) | // | a | a | 6.26(3.97,9.00) | // |
| Oceania | 11.74(10.24,13.38) | // | a | a | a | a |
| Age | 0.21 | |||||
| ≥ 60y | 2.21(0.09,5.96) | < 0.001 | a | a | a | a |
| < 60y | 1.73(0.48,3.72) | < 0.001 | a | a | a | a |
| Smoking | 0.002 | 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 9.48(3.98,16.96) | < 0.001 | a | a | 9.59(4.44,16.37) | < 0.001 |
| No | 1.24(0.18,3.11) | < 0.001 | a | a | 1.30(0.19,3.10) | < 0.05 |
| Alcohol | 0.34 | |||||
| Yes | 10.79(1.69,26.16) | < 0.001 | a | a | a | a |
| No | 4.18(0.07,13.01) | < 0.001 | a | a | a | a |
| District | 0.14 | a | ||||
| Urban | 1.20(0.40,2.39) | // | a | a | a | a |
| Rural | 4.96(0.65,8.62) | < 0.001 | a | a | a | a |
| Bias Risk | 0.65 | 0.0002 | 0.65 | |||
| Low | 1.87(1.42,2.38) | < 0.001 | 0.45(0.30,0.62) | // | 9.10(4.85,14.47) | < 0.001 |
| Medium | 2.81(0.13,8.62) | < 0.001 | 1.43(0.72,2.37) | < 0.001 | 10.09(4.68,17.22) | < 0.001 |
| High | a | a | 1.09(0.71,1.54) | // | a | a |
athe data is absent //the size of studies is less than 4