Table 3.

Case series of published CoNS induced TSS in the recent literature

Author (year)	Age of patient/sex	CoN Strain isolated	TSS criteria	Treatment	Outcome	Comments
Goda K, et al. (2021) [10]	75 yrs/female	Staphylococcus simulans	4/5	Initial treatment meropenem (1 g every 8 h), vancomycin (1 g every 12 h, therapeutic drug monitoring: ≥15 µg/mL), and clindamycin (600 mg every 8 h). Targeted treatment: cefazolin (1 g q8h) and clindamycin (600 mg q8h), duration 14 days.	Not reported	Pneumococcal pneumonia and bacteremia from S. simulans following an influenza type A infection Increased levels of cytokines
Pomputius WF, et al. (2023 [11]	8yrs/ male	Staphylococcus epidermidis	5/5	vancomycin (hospital day 1–5), ceftriaxone (hospital day 1–8), clindamycin (hospital day 1–5), and acyclovir (hospital day 2–4). Doxycycline was begun on hospital day 4 and continued for a 10-day course, given concern forpossible Chlamydia or Mycoplasma encephalitis. No intravenous immunoglobulin or steroids were given.	survived	Positive urine culture of S. epidermidis. Four superantigen genes were detected in the plasma
Armeftis C, et al. (2023)	46yrs/ male	Staphylococcus epidermidis	5/5	meropenem (1 g every 8 h), vancomycin (1 g every 12 h), levofloxacin (750 mg 24 h), clindamycin (600 mg every 8 h), IVIG (2 g/kg) and hydrocortisone (100 mg every 8 h). The patient became afebrile within the first 72 h of ICU admission.	survived	TSS caused by Staphylococcus epidermitis following an influenza type B infection.