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. 2023 Sep 5;16:317. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-05937-4

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Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Maximum likelihood phylogenies of REP Borrelia plasmids based on PF32 (A) and PF57/62 (B) nucleotide sequences among a subset of Lyme borreliosis (LB) and relapsing fever (RF) sequences as used by Jones et al. [31] to define RF plasmid compatibility groups. Branches are colour coded according to bootstrap support and taxa labels are colour coded according to their phylogenetic lineage [cyan (LB), purple (RF), orange (REP)]. The outer rings in A show the plasmid families based on analysis of PF32 sequences, with purple rings indicating RF plasmid families (F4-29) as defined by Jones et al. [31] and orange rings indicating REP plasmid families (RPF1-4) as defined by our analysis. Labelled outer rings in B show plasmid families that are concordant between PF32 and PF57/72 loci, and unlabelled outer rings indicate putative REP plasmid families that were disconcordant with PF32 loci or for which no PF32 loci existed. The isolate prefixes, gene locus, and plasmid are given for each PF32 and PF57/62 locus. See Supplementary Information for details of isolate prefixes