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Summary of the effects of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia and sex hormones on the brain. ADRD effects on Brain structure, genetic factors and Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers, and Sex hormones effects on the brain in men and women. Symbols: ↑increase, ↓decrease,♀women, ♂ men. Abbreviations: ADRD: Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia, SNP: single nucleotide polymorphisms, WMH: White matter hyperintensity, Aβ: Amyloid Beta, BBB: Blood-brain barrier.
