Reagent/Resource	Reference or Source	Identifier or Catalog Number
Experimental Models
M. musculus strain: C57BL/6 (wild type)	Mice were provided from general mouse stock at IMG mouse facility
M. musculus strain: B6.129S4‐Pdgfratm11(EGFP)Sor/J (Pdgfrα‐eGFP)	The Jackson Laboratory (www.jax.org)	007669
M. musculus strain: ROSA‐nonSTOP‐TdTomato	This strain was generated for this project as a result of a one‐time crossing of ROSA‐TdTomato strain and Actin‐Cre strain. The first parental ROSA‐TdTomato strain is available at The Jackson Laboratory (www.jax.org) under the number 007908 and the second parental strain can be found under MGI ID 5285392.
M. musculus strain: Lgr5‐EGFP‐IRES‐creERT2	The Jackson Laboratory (www.jax.org)	008875
Cell line: Cultrex HA‐R‐Spondin1‐Fc 293T Cells	R&DSystems	3710‐001‐01
Cell line: mNoggin‐Fc 293T Cells	Provided by Wim de Lau from Clevers group at The Hubrecht institute in the Netherlands.
Cell line: Platinum‐E	Cell Biolabs Inc.	RV‐101
Recombinant DNA
p1322 HPV‐16 E6, viral insert	Addgene	8642
pMXs‐Puro Retroviral Expression Vector	Cell Biolabs Inc.	RTV‐012
pTRIPZ	Dharmacon	No number available
Antibodies
Ada (sheep, polyclonal)	R&DSystems	AF7048
Akt (rabbit, monoclonal)	Cell Signaling	4691
AldlB (rabbit, monoclonal)	Abcam	ab75751
Cd73 (mouse, monoclonal)	Biolegend	127210
E‐cadherin (mouse, monoclonal)	BD Transduction	610181
Fapb1 (goat, polyclonal)	R&DSystems	AF1565
Fabp2 (goat, polyclonal)	R&DSystems	AF1486
Ki67 (rabbit, polyclonal)	Abcam	ab15580
Muc2 (mouse, monoclonal)	Santa Cruz	sc‐15334
Pcna (rabbit, polyclonal)	Abcam	ab18197
S6rp (rabbit, monoclonal)	Cell Signalling	2217
Oligonucleotides and other sequence‐based reagents
Set of qRT‐PCR primers	This study	Table EV2
Smad4 shRNA oligo pair	This study	Table EV1
Chemicals, Enzymes and other reagents
Bmp2	Peprotech	120‐02C
Bmp3	Peprotech	120‐24B
Bmp4	Peprotech	315‐27
Bmp5	Peprotech	120‐39
Bmp7	Peprotech	120‐03P
Tgfβ	Peprotech	100‐21C
Egf	Invitrogen	PMG8043
Noggin	Sigma	SRP3227
R‐spo1	Peprotech	315‐32
Corning® Matrigel® Growth Factor Reduced	Corning	356231
Advanced DMEM/F12	Invitrogen	12634‐010
GlutaMax 100×	Invitrogen	35050‐068
Hepes 1M	Invitrogen	15630‐056
Penicillin/Streptomycin 10K U/ml 10K μg/ml 100×	Invitrogen	15140‐122
N2 supplment 100×	Invitrogen	17502‐048
B27 supplement 50×	Invitrogen	17504‐044
N‐Acetylcysteine	Sigma‐Aldrich	A9165‐5G
Primocin	Invivogen	ant‐pm‐2
Corning® Cell Recovery Solution	Merck	CLS354253
MesenCultTM Expansion Kit (Mouse)	Stemcell Technologies	05513
TrypLE™ Express Enzyme (1×)	Gibco	12604013
Gentle Cell Dissociation Reagent	Stemcell Technologies	100‐0485
Collagenase D	Merck	11088866001
Dispase	Corning	CLS354235
FBS	Gibco	A52567
DMEM	Home‐made
Opti‐MEM	Gibco	31985070
Lipofectamine 2000 reagent	invitrogen	11668019
Lipofectamine 3000 reagent	Invitrogen	L3000015
DMSO	SERVA	20385
Lenti‐X Concentrator	Clontech Laboratories, Inc.	PT4421‐2
Retro‐X Concentrator	Clontech Laboratories, Inc.	PT5063‐2
LDN‐193189	Medchemexpress	HY‐12071
LDN‐193189 – 4HCl	Medchemexpress	HY‐12071A
Software
R 4.1.0	https://www.r‐project.org
RStudio 2022.02.3	https://www.rstudio.com
heatmaply 1.3.0	https://github.com/talgalili/heatmaply (Galili et al, 2017)
dplyr 1.0.7	https://dplyr.tidyverse.org (Wickham et al, 2023)
ggplot2 3.3.5	https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org (Wickham, 2016)
ggVennDiagram 1.2.2	https://cran.r‐project.org/web/packages/ggVennDiagram/ (Gao et al, 2021)
Seurat 4.0.6	https://satijalab.org/seurat/ (Hao et al, 2021)
Fiji (ImageJ) 1.53q	https://imagej.net/software/fiji/ (Schindelin et al, 2012)
GraphPad Prism 8.4.3 (686)	https://www.graphpad.com/scientific‐software/prism/
CorelDRAW 2020 22.1.1.523	https://www.coreldraw.com
Cytoscape 3. 9. 1	https://cytoscape.org/ (Shannon et al, 2003)
stringApp 1.7.1	https://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/stringapp (Doncheva et al, 2019)
Cellanneal	https://github.com/LiBuchauer/cellanneal (preprint: Buchauer & Itzkovitz, 2021)
FlowJo 10.7.1	https://www.flowjo.com
Other
Probe – Mm‐Bmp2	ACD Bio	406661
Probe – Mm‐Bmp4‐C3	ACD Bio	401301‐C3
Positive Control Probe_M	ACD Bio	320881
Negative Control Probe	ACD Bio	320871
Fluorescent Mplex Reagent Kit	ACD Bio	320850
RNeasy Mini Kit	QIAGEN	74106
RevertAid First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit	ThermoFisher SCIENTIFIC	K1622
LightCycler 480 SYBR Green I Master	Roche	04887352001
EdU Cell Proliferation Kit	Baseclick	BCK‐EdU647
Adenosine Deaminase Activity Assay Kit (Fluorometric)	Sigma‐Aldrich	EPI020