Figure 3.

The PINN-evaluated solution for $u(x,t)$ from the Burgers’ equation at different timeslices, $t=0,0.25,0.50,1.00$, from left to right for error-free boundary data (top) and corrupted boundary data with (bottom). The additive errors on the boundary data are taken from independently samples of zero mean Gaussian distribution with σ = 0.5. The points marked with the blue cross (x) pointer in the leftmost set of plots indicate the samples on the initial timeslice used to train the PINN.