Table 1.
Demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters between lean (n = 31) and obese participants (n = 43).
| Lean [mean ± SD or n (%)] | Obese [mean ± SD or n (%)] | Value of p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 29.67 ± 10.73 | 29.95 ± 9.13 | 0.565 |
| Female | 19 (61.3) | 27 (62.8) | 0.896 |
| Weight (kg) | 62.39 ± 8.17 | 118.23 ± 25.6 | <0.001* |
| Height (cm) | 166.29 ± 8.38 | 165.16 ± 9.77 | 0.603 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.49 ± 1.93 | 43.12 ± 6.83 | <0.001* |
| WC (cm) | 76.70 ± 14.83 | 123.29 ± 17.76 | <0.001* |
| Appropriate | 23 (74.2) | 0 (0) | <0.001* |
| Increased risk | 8 (25.8) | 43 (100) | |
| WtHR | 0.48 ± 0.05 | 0.74 ± 0.08 | <0.001* |
| Normal | 16 (51.6) | 0 (0) | <0.001* |
| High | 15 (48.4) | 43 (100) | |
| PBF (%) | 26.62 ± 9.39 | 46.13 ± 30 | <0.001* |
| FM (kg) | 17.13 ± 7.12 | 53.8 ± 13.3 | <0.001* |
| MM (kg) | 43.14 ± 9.02 | 57.43 ± 11.76 | <0.001* |
| FFM in (kg) | 45.91 ± 9.27 | 62.08 ± 11.83 | <0.001* |
| FFMI (FFM kg/m2) | 16.46 ± 2.22 | 22.77 ± 2.72 | <0.001* |
| FBS (mg/dL) Median (IQR) | 92 (87–98) | 97 (93.6–104) | 0.003* |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 43.63 ± 15.78 | 41.74 ± 11.05 | 0.547 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 73.93 ± 20.99 | 98.65 ± 32.16 | <0.001* |
| TG (mg/dL) | 123.24 ± 35.49 | 128.53 ± 62.07 | 0.645 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 138 (120–159) | 161.6 (143–181.7) | 0.001* |
| TC/HDL ratio | 3.54 ± 1.10 | 4.18 ± 1.22 | 0.022* |
Denotes statistical significance (p < 0.05) between groups. Independent-sample t-test was used for normally distributed continuous variables with mean, and SD (Age, BMI, WC, WtHR, PBF, FM, MM, FFM, FFMI, LDL, HDL, TG, TC/HDL-c), Mann–Whitney U-test for skewed continuous variables (FBS, TC) with IQR and medians, and Chi-square test was used for categorical variables. BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; PBF, percentage body fat; FM, fat mass; WtHR, waist-to-height ratio; MM, muscle mass; FFM, fat-free mass; FFMI, fat-free mass index; FBS, fasting blood sugar; HDL, high- density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; TC, total cholesterol; TC/HDL, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio.