Figure 3.

Strategies to improve the delivery of Lf or Lf-derived peptides to the bone. Hydrogels have been used in preclinical models of critical-sized bone defects (mimicking non-unions) as sustained-release formulations to deliver high amounts of Lf to bones. In these models, Lf has been used for local delivery of Lf as implants at the site of the bone defect. This approach ensures Lf’s sustained release, which can stimulate bone regeneration and repair. In addition, systemic delivery of Lf through hydrogels has also been explored. In this case, hydrogels containing Lf are injected into the bloodstream, allowing for the controlled release of Lf over time. These approaches have shown promising results in promoting bone regeneration in critical-sized bone defects. Image is made using the Biorender Software.