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. 2023 Aug 4;169(8):001377. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.001377

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© 2023 The Authors

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.

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Fig. 2. — Methods to enhance the gut microbiome to restrict pathogen growth. Strain engraftment works through the creation of a new nutrient niche (introducing a new nutrient not utilized by other gut commensals) to allow engraftment of a target gut commensal strain by evading colonization resistance. Faecal microbiota transplant works by introducing an undefined mix of commensals to replenish the gut microbiota and restore colonization resistance. A synthetic consortium is designed to fill the existing nutrient niche to exclude a target pathogen.