Table 1. Characteristics of patients submitted to laparoscopic pyeloplasty before and after adoption of the simulation training program and during COVID-19 pandemic.
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before Simulation | After Simulation | During COVID | |||
| Cases per year - mean | 8.2 | 15.7 | 7.0 | * | |
| Age - mean (SD) | 32.3 (16.4) | 29.8 (19.7) | 26.9 (20.4) | 0.4946 | |
| Sex (male) - % (n) | 56.7% (51/90) | 61.7% (29/47) | 42.9% (06/14) | 0.4561 | |
| Side (right) - % (n) | 53.3% (48/90) | 44.7% (21/47) | 42.9% (06/14) | 0.5458 | |
| Surgical indication - % (n) | |||||
| Pain | 76.7% (69/90) | 61.7% (29/47) | 85.7% (12/14) | 0.7176 | |
| UTI | 4.4% (04/90) | 10.6% (05/47) | 7.1% (01/14) | ||
| Lithiasis | 5.6% (05/90) | 4.3% (02/47) | 7.1% (01/14) | ||
| Multiple symptoms | 6.7% (06/90) | 12.8% (06/47) | 7.1% (01/14) | ||
| Severe Hydronephrosis | 7.8% (07/90) | 10.6% (06/47) | 7.1% (01/14) | ||
| Creatinine - mean (SD) | 0.89 (0.31) | 0.99 (0.40) | 0.94 (0.35) | 0.3572 | |
| DMSA - mean (SD) | 18.7 (8.6) | 16.9 (7.6) | 12.5 (7.3) | 0.1468 | |
| Relative DMSA - mean (SD) | 40.0 (13.4) | 40.7 (14.1) | 36.1 (19.6) | 0.7396 | |
| Previous UPJ surgery* - % (n) | 7.8% (08/90) | 17.0% (08/47) | 7.1% (01/14) | 0.3158 | |
*
Not enough data to perform an ANOVA test
SD = Standard deviation; UTI = Urinary tract infection; DMSA = Dimercapto succinic acid renal scan