Table 6. Univariable and multivariable risk factors for MV dysfunction.
| Variables | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | ||
| Age | 1.001 | 0.992–1.009 | 0.895 | – | – | – | |
| Age ≤6 months | 0.972 | 0.422–2.238 | 0.946 | – | – | – | |
| Weight | 0.998 | 0.965–1.033 | 0.920 | – | – | – | |
| Weight ≤8 kg | 1.023 | 0.488–2.144 | 0.953 | – | – | – | |
| Gender (male =0) | 1.342 | 0.677–2.657 | 0.399 | – | – | – | |
| LVEF <0.6 before surgery | 1.917 | 0.459–8.004 | 0.372 | – | – | – | |
| Annular diameter/BSA before surgery | 1.009 | 0.991–1.028 | 0.316 | – | – | – | |
| LAD/BSA before surgery | 1.007 | 0.996–1.019 | 0.235 | – | – | – | |
| LVEDD/BSA before surgery | 1.004 | 0.993–1.016 | 0.487 | – | – | – | |
| LVSDD/BSA before surgery | 1.009 | 0.991–1.027 | 0.321 | – | – | – | |
| LVEDVI before surgery | 1.004 | 1.000–1.009 | 0.050 | 0.998 | 0.985–1.010 | 0.701 | |
| LVESVI before surgery | 1.012 | 1.003–1.022 | 0.012 | 1.014 | 0.986–1.042 | 0.341 | |
| Double-orifice MV technique | 2.580 | 0.615–10.824 | 0.195 | – | – | – | |
| Concomitant procedure | 0.811 | 0.406–1.620 | 0.552 | – | – | – | |
| Without annuloplasty | 0.672 | 0.342–1.321 | 0.249 | – | – | – | |
| Mixed mitral valve pathology | 2.852 | 1.418–5.737 | 0.003 | 2.492 | 1.203–5.161 | 0.014 | |
| Isolated MR diseases | 1.260 | 0.602–2.638 | 0.540 | – | – | – | |
| MR combined with CHD diseases | 1.286 | 0.653–2.533 | 0.467 | – | – | – | |
| MS diseases | 0.501 | 0.193–1.299 | 0.155 | – | – | – | |
| ≥ moderate MV regurgitation before surgery | 1.835 | 0.708–4.752 | 0.212 | – | – | – | |
| ≥ moderate MV stenosis before surgery | 0.708 | 0.308–1.631 | 0.418 | – | – | – | |
| Surgical era (2013 to 2016) | 0.688 | 0.342–1.383 | 0.294 | – | – | – | |
MV, mitral valve; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; BSA, body surface area; LAD, left atrium diameter; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVSDD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; LVEDVI (LVEDV/BSA), left ventricular end-diastolic volume index; LVESVI (LVESV/BSA), left ventricular end-systolic volume index; MR, mitral valve regurgitation; CHD, congenital heart diseases; MS, mitral valve stenosis.