Table 1.

Multivariable-adjusted cross-sectional associations with vision-related and health-related quality of life scores for individuals with nAMD.

	NEI-VFQ-25 composite score	p-value	SF-36 physical component score	p-value	SF-36 mental component score	p-value	EQ-5D-5L visual analogue scale (VAS)	p-value	EQ-5D-5L summary score	p-value
Age (each 1-yr increase)	−0.15 ± 0.09	0.07	−0.05 ± 0.06	0.40	−0.01 ± 0.06	0.82	−0.00 ± 0.00	0.58	0.05 ± 0.11	0.67
Gender		0.36		0.37		0.13		0.55		0.34
Female	55.82 ± 1.16		37.79 ± 0.77		47.47 ± 0.80		0.63 ± 0.02		66.88 ± 1.42
Male	54.51 ± 1.27		38.64 ± 0.84		45.90 ± 0.89		0.62 ± 0.02		65.21 ± 1.58
Visual acuity (VA)a
Normal	69.29 ± 1.20	Ref.	38.88 ± 0.80	Ref.	44.91 ± 0.83	Ref.	0.64 ± 0.02	Ref.	66.99 ± 1.46	Ref.
Mild VI	57.65 ± 1.51	<0.0001	37.03 ± 1.01	0.12	46.63 ± 1.07	0.18	0.64 ± 0.02	0.89	66.68 ± 1.89	0.89
Moderate VI	48.78 ± 1.78	<0.0001	38.08 ± 1.19	0.56	47.07 ± 1.27	0.14	0.62 ± 0.02	0.41	64.35 ± 2.21	0.30
Blind	44.92 ± 2.11	<0.0001	38.88 ± 1.39	1.00	48.11 ± 1.48	0.05	0.61 ± 0.03	0.26	66.17 ± 2.61	0.78
Number of injectionsb
Nil (0) [n = 123/547]	54.45 ± 1.59	Ref.	40.70 ± 1.06	Ref.	46.48 ± 1.12	Ref.	0.62 ± 0.02	Ref.	66.44 ± 1.94	Ref.
Tertile 1 (1–5) [n = 141/547]	56.49 ± 1.58	0.31	36.34 ± 1.05	0.0012	46.16 ± 1.12	0.82	0.62 ± 0.02	0.97	65.91 ± 1.96	0.83
Tertile 2 (6–22) [n = 142/547]	55.83 ± 1.48	0.48	38.02 ± 0.98	0.04	47.82 ± 1.03	0.34	0.64 ± 0.02	0.42	66.70 ± 1.84	0.92
Tertile 3 (23–79) [n = 141/547]	53.87 ± 1.58	0.77	37.81 ± 1.04	0.03	46.28 ± 1.09	0.89	0.62 ± 0.02	0.94	65.14 ± 1.93	0.60
Hospitalisation within the past 12 months		0.46		0.04		0.12		0.11		0.04
Yes	54.59 ± 1.38		37.13 ± 0.91		45.81 ± 0.97		0.61 ± 0.02		64.05 ± 1.71
No	55.73 ± 1.11		39.31 ± 0.75		47.55 ± 0.76		0.65 ± 0.01		68.05 ± 1.38
Presence of ≥3 chronic diseases		0.12		<0.0001		0.22		0.02		0.01
Yes	54.05 ± 1.25		35.83 ± 0.83		46.06 ± 0.88		0.61 ± 0.02		63.57 ± 1.55
No	56.27 ± 1.18		40.61 ± 0.78		47.31 ± 0.80		0.65 ± 0.02		68.53 ± 1.46
Presence of depressive symptoms (CESD-10)		<0.0001		0.05		<0.0001		<0.0001		<0.0001
Yes	49.86 ± 1.29		37.03 ± 0.86		38.92 ± 0.92		0.57 ± 0.02		60.88 ± 1.63
No	60.46 ± 1.36		39.40 ± 0.92		54.44 ± 0.80		0.69 ± 0.02		71.22 ± 1.68
Presence of depressive symptoms (MHI)		0.56		0.09		N/Ac		0.0004		0.01
Yes	54.61 ± 1.54		39.31 ± 1.04				0.58 ± 0.02		63.09 ± 1.91
No	55.71 ± 1.16		37.12 ± 0.77				0.67 ±0.02		69.01 ± 1.44
Impaired BADLs		0.16		<0.0001		0.09		<0.0001		0.03
Yes	54.00 ± 1.57		36.00 ± 0.91		45.68 ± 0.96		0.55 ± 0.02		63.79 ± 1.69
No	56.32 ± 1.18		40.44 ± 0.79		47.68 ± 0.82		0.71 ± 0.02		68.31 ± 1.47
Impaired IADLs		<0.0001		<0.0001		0.15		<0.0001		<0.0001
Yes	49.77 ± 0.93		33.66 ± 0.62		45.81 ± 0.65		0.57 ± 0.01		60.68 ± 1.15
No	60.56 ± 1.59		42.78 ± 1.07		47.56 ± 1.11		0.69 ± 0.02		71.42 ± 1.99

Model adjusted for age, sex, number of injections, hospitalisation within the past 12 months, presence of ≥3 chronic diseases, presence of depressive symptoms as per the CESD or MHI scales, impaired BADLs, impaired IADLs and visual acuity.

All figures presented in age category are estimate values/regression co-efficients (±standard error) as age is a continuous variable. The figures presented for all other variables in the table are least square means (±standard error) as these are categorical variables.

NEI-VFQ-25 National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25, SF-36 Short-Form 36, EQ-5D EuroQoL, CESD-10 Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression-10 scale, MHI Mental Health Index, BADLs basic activities of daily living, IADLs instrumental activities of daily living, VA visual acuity, VI visual impairment.

Bold values represent significant findings (p < 0.05).

^aVisual acuity ranges: normal = VA > 20/40, mild VI = ≤20/40 to >20/80; moderate VI = ≤20/80 to >20/200; legally blind = ≤20/200.

^bNumber of injections listed as a range in the round brackets for each tertile.

^cNot calculated as the MHI is a component of the SF-36.