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. 2023 Sep 6;14:5471. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41283-w

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — A Immunoblot showing p-C/EBPβ, C/EBPβ, AEP, APP and tau expression and processing in 6-month-old mouse brains of AD or HC humanized Abx-treated mice. B Quantitative analysis of immunoblot. The bands of p-C/EBPβ, C/EBPβ, AEP, AT8, TauN368, and APPN585 were measured with image J and normalized with β-actin. (n = 5 biologically independent samples in each group, data are shown as mean ± SEM, two-tailed Student’s t test). C The dendritic spines from the apical dendritic layer of the hippocampus CA1 region were analyzed by Golgi staining. Scale bar: 10 μm. D Quantitative analysis of Golgi staining, (n = 5 biologically independent samples in each group, data are shown as mean ± SEM, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test). E Electron microscopy analysis of synapses, the number of synapses in CA1 region of AD humanized Abx-treated mice were decreased compared with HC humanized Abx-treated mice. Arrows indicate the synapses. Scale bar, 1 μm. F Quantitative analysis of synapses in CA1, (n = 5 biologically independent samples mice per group, mean ± SEM. one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test). (G & H) Morris Water Maze analysis of cognitive functions. AD humanized Abx-treated mice exacerbated the learning and memory dysfunctions, but does not affect motor function. (mean ± SEM., one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test). WT + HC1 (n = 8 biologically independent samples); WT + HC2 (n = 6 biologically independent samples); WT + AD1 (n = 6 biologically independent samples); WT + AD2 (n = 6 biologically independent samples); Tg+HC1 (n = 6 biologically independent samples); Tg +HC2 (n = 8 biologically independent samples); Tg +AD1 (n = 8 biologically independent samples); Tg +AD2 (n = 7 biologically independent samples).