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. 2023 Sep 6;14:5471. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41283-w

Fig. 3. AD humanized Abx-treated mice display increased activated microglia and inflammatory cytokines compared with HC humanized Abx-treated mice in WT and C/EBPβ Tg mice.

Fig. 3

A Immunofluorescent staining of Iba-1 (red) and C/EBPβ (green) in the hippocampus CA1 region of the 6-month-old mice brains from AD or HC humanized Abx-treated mice. Scale bar: 40 μm. B Quantitative analysis of Iba-1 optical density (n = 8 biologically independent samples in each group, data are shown as mean ± SEM, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test). C The high magnification of immunofluorescent staining of Iba-1 (green) and CD86 (red) positive microglia in the hippocampus CA1 region of the brains from AD or HC humanized Abx-treated mice. Scale bar: 40 μm. D Quantitative analysis of diameter, number of branch points, and total branch length in Iba-1 (green) positive microglia. (n = 8 biologically independent samples in each group, data are shown as mean ± SEM, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test). E Proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα concentrations in the brain lysates from AD or HC humanized Abx-treated mice, respectively. (n = 5 biologically independent samples in each group, data are shown as mean ± SEM, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test). F Immunoblot showing arachidonic acid metabolism products LOX-5, COX-1, COX-2, BLT-1, BLT-2, and PTGES expression and processing in mouse brains of AD or HC humanized Abx-treated mice. G Quantitative analysis of immunoblot. The bands of LOX-5, COX-1, COX-2, BLT-1, BLT-2, and PTGES were measured with image J and normalized with β-actin. (n = 5 biologically independent samples in each group, data are shown as mean ± SEM, two-tailed Student’s t test). H Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the brain samples from AD or HC humanized Abx-treated mice. Comparing C/EBPβ targeted arachidonic acid pathway genes. (n = 3 in each group, data are shown as mean ± SEM, two-tailed Student’s t test).