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. 2023 Aug 24;11:1202980. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1202980

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Copyright © 2023 Wang, Hu, Sun, Yan, Wang, Wang, Zhang, Meng, Zhai, Zong, Hu, Yu and Zou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The EAPC in ASIR (A), ASDR (B), and ASDALYs (C) of digestive diseases from 1990 to 2019, by causes and by region, for both sexes combined. Those EAPCs in each of the regions are presented as the overall and the absolute maximum caused by a specific cause. DALYs, disability-adjusted life-years; ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; ASDR, age-standardized deaths rate; ASDALYs, age-standardized DALYs rate. EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; COCLD, Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases; UDSD, Upper digestive system diseases; APED, Appendicitis; IFAH, Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia; IFBD, Inflammatory bowel disease; VAID, Vascular intestinal disorders; GABD, Gallbladder and biliary diseases.