Air-liquid interface cultures of primary rat tracheal cells were cultured for 17 days and subjected to the following analyses: (A) Duox protein was detected in cell lysates by western blotting. Samples of three animals shown. (B) Gene expression levels of rat duox1, duox2 and actin genes were detected by reverse transcriptase PCR. Samples of three animals shown. (C) Kinetics (left) and endpoint (right) measurements of extracellular hydrogen peroxide production detected by homovanillic acid oxidation assay. Kinetics: one representative result, n=3. ATP (100 μM), ionomycin (1 μM). Endpoint: mean+/−S.E.M., n=3. Extracellular calcium was chelated by addition of 1mM EGTA. IB, immunoblot; RT, reverse transcriptase; RFU, relative fluorescence unit.