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. 2023 Aug 24;14:1170720. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1170720

TABLE 3.

Summary of the cases with nasal bone abnormality identified with pathogenic/likely pathogenic CNVs by genetic amiocentesis (n = 19).

Case MA (y) GA (w) Other ultrasonic findings Aneuploidy Copy number variations Classifi-cation Outcomes
Screening
1 28 27 None cfDNA: LR arr [GRCh37] 16p13.3 (3694760_4299989)x3 P TOP
2 27 26 echoless midline brain, flat facial shape, micrognathia cfDNA: LR arr [GRCh37] 4p16.3p15.1 (68346_33755417)x1 P TOP
thoracolumbar scoliosis, abnormal left foot posture and SUA
3 30 27 SUA MSS: LR arr [CRCh37] 11q13.4q25 (72744004_134937416)x3 P TOP
4 26 23 SUA cfDNA: LR arr [CRCh37] 1q44 (243943235_249224684)x1 P TOP
5 29 23 TCD < −3SD, SUA cfDNA: LR arr [GRCh37] 5p15.33p14.1 (113576_25370521)x1 P TOP
arr [GRCh37] 9p24.3p21.3 (208454_20653331)x3 P
6 31 17 reversed a-wave in fetal ductus venosus None arr [GRCh37] 22q13.1q13.33 (38789935_51197766)x3 P TOP
7 29 29 PLSVC MSS: HR arr [GRCh37] 19p13.2 (9736153_12602337)x1 P TOP
8 27 23 None cfDNA: LR arr [GRCh37] 13q13.2q34 (35235990_115107733)x1-2 P NLB, follow-up to 8 months showed no abnormality
9 29 27 None cfDNA: LR arr [GRCh37] 9p24.3p13.1 (208454_38772005)x3 P TOP
10 29 24 bilateral superior vena cava, ductus venosus agenesis, enlarged inferior vena cava, enlarged right heart, pericardial effusion MSS: LR arr [GRCh37] 22q11.21 (18648856_21800471)x1 P TOP
11 36 18 None cfDNA: LR arr [GRCh37] 9q31.2q33.2 (110873766_125177344)x1 P TOP
12 32 18 NT 4.8 mm None arr [GRCh37] 16p11.2 (29428532_30176508)x1 LP TOP
13 32 18 None None arr [GRCh37] 16p11.2 (28748617_29051191)x1 LP TOP
14 30 27 polyhydramnios cfDNA: LR arr [GRCh37] 16p11.2 (29428532_30178406)x3 LP NLB, follow-up to 24 months showed no abnormality
15 29 25 echogenic intracardiac focus, left aortic arch, aberrant right subclavian artery MSS: LR arr [CRCh37] 1q44 (224817841_246711631)x1 LP Postnatal death
16 32 19 thickened NF, cystic hygroma of the neck, VSD None arr [CRCh37] 10q24.31q24.32 (102979827_103370322)x3 LP TOP
17 38 26 polyhydramnios cfDNA: LR arr [GRCh37] 17p12 (14060292_15484335)x1 LP NLB, follow-up to 7 months showed no abnormality
18 30 26 None cfDNA: LR arr [GRCh37] 17p12 (14060292_15513053)x1 LP TOP
19 30 17 None None arr [CRCh37]1q21.1q21.2 (145390102_147844778)x3 LP NLB, follow-up to 9 months with asymptomatic ASD

MA, maternal age; GA, gestational age; MSS, maternal serological screening; NT, nuchal translucency; cfDNA, cell-free DNA; LR, low risk; HR, high risk; SUA, single umbilical artery; PLSVC, permanent left superior vena cava; TCD, transverse cerebellum diameter; NF, nuchal fold; VSD, ventricular septal defect; ASD, atrial septal defect; ARSA, aberrant right subclavian artery; P, pathogenic; LP, likely pathogenic; TOP, termination of pregnancy; NLB, normal life birth.