Table 2. Organ-on-Chip Models Show the Features of Organ-Specific OOC Models.

organ-on-chip models	cell types	cell number	chip dimensions	chip materials	culture media	media flow	chip coating	ref
kidney-on-chip	primary human glomerular microvascular endothelial cells, (GMVECs)	1 × 105 cells per cm2	0.1 mm height × 0.1 mm width × 24 mm length	PDMS containing a central porous (7 μm diameter) membrane separating two channels	GMVEC media	60 μL h–1	precoated with collagen IV and laminin	(64,65)
	primary human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells	1.2 × 105 cells per cm2			renal basal media (renal proximal tubule)
liver-on-chip	human primary liver sinusoidal microvascular endothelial cells	1 × 105 cells per cm2	0.1 mm height × 0.1 mm width × 24 mm length	porous PDMS membrane (7 μm diameter) membrane	hepatocyte maintenance medium	60 μL h–1	precoating with matrigel (and collagen type I)	(40,86−88)
	human primary hepatocytes	2.5 × 105 cells per cm2
brain-on-chip	primary HBMEC	4 × 107 cells per cm2	5 mm width × 20 mm length × 300 μm height	PDMS 10 μm porous membrane 5 μm diameter holes	neuronal maintenance medium (NM1)	60 μL h–1	collagen IV and fibronectin	(89)
	HUVEC	3 × 106 cells per cm2
bone marrow-on-chip	HUVECs primary human CD34+ progenitor cells	1 × 105 cells per cm2	0.1 mm height × 0.1 mm width × 24 mm length	PDMS precoated with fibronectin and collagen (7 μm diameter) membrane	StemSpan SFEM II medium	67 μL min–1	precoating with matrigel (and collagen type I)	(25,33,90,91)
	primary osteoblast cells	1 × 104 cells per cm2
gut-on-chip	endothelial cells	1.5 × 105 cells per cm2	0.1 mm height × 0.1 mm width × 24 mm length	PDMS (7 μm diameter) membrane	DMEM, EGM-2	60 μL h–1	precoating with matrigel (and collagen type I)	(92)
lung-on-chip	primary alveolar epithelial cells, primary human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells	1 × 105 cells per cm2	0.1 mm height × 5 mm 0 width × 10 mm length	PDMS 2-channel microporous	DMEM/F12	60 μL h–1	precoated with collagen IV and laminin
heart-on-chip	primary cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells	1 × 106 cells per cm2	0.1 mm height × 5 mm width × 21 mm length	PDMS 2-channel microporous membrane	DMEM supplement with FBS	1.3 μL min–1	collagen IV and fibronectin