Table 2.
Comparisons of outcomes between preconditioning group and control group
| Outcomes | Preconditioning group(n = 92) | Control group (n = 90) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Major outcomes | |||
| ED, N (%) | 0.004 | ||
| Negative | 77(83.7) | 58(64.4) | |
| Positive | 15(16.3) | 32(35.6) | |
| Degree of ED, N (%) | 0.449 | ||
| Mild | 12(80.0) | 23(71.9) | |
| Moderate | 2(13.3) | 7 (21.9) | |
| Severe | 1(6.67) | 2(6.25) | |
| Intraoperative measurements | |||
| Duration of surgery, min | 45.0(30.0, 68.8) | 40.0(30.0, 60.0) | 0.225 |
| Duration of anesthesia, min | 68.0(50.0, 88.0) | 60.0(50.0, 79.3) | 0.161 |
| Intraoperative sufentanil dosage, µg | 20.0(15.0, 20.0) | 15(15.0, 20.0) | 0.028 |
| Dosage of sufentanil per unit anesthesia time, µg/min | 0.27(0.27, 0.36) | 0.27(0.22, 0.36) | 0.562 |
| FESS with septoplasty, N (%) | 0.645 | ||
| Without | 82(89.1) | 78(86.7) | |
| With | 10(10.9) | 12(13.3) | |
| Nasal package, N (%) | > 0.999 | ||
| Negative | 25(27.2) | 24(26.7) | |
| Positive | 67(72.8) | 66(73.3) | |
| Package Side, N (%) | 0.666 | ||
| Single | 13(25.0) | 16(29.6) | |
| Both | 39(75.0) | 38(70.4) | |
| Postoperative measurements | |||
| Medication in PACU, N/P | 0.619 | ||
| Negative | 91(98.9) | 88(97.8) | |
| Positive | 1(1.09) | 2(2.22) | |
| Time to extubation, min | 16.0(12.0, 17.8) | 17.0(12.0, 20.0) | 0.714 |
| PACU time, min | 55.0(47.0,59.0) | 56.0(47.0,59.0) | 0.689 |
| NRS in PACU | 0(0, 6.00) | 0(0, 6.00) | 0.949 |
| h when left PACU, bpm | 71.0 (64.0, 77.5) | 71.0(61.0, 78.0) | 0.689 |
| MAP when left PACU, mmHg | 84.0(80.0, 91.5) | 86.5 (79.0, 94.0) | 0.815 |
| SpO2 when left PACU, % | 99.0(98.0, 99.0) | 99.0(98.0, 99.0) | 0.235 |
| Postoperative hospital stays, day | 3.00(3.00, 4.00) | 4.00(3.00, 4.00) | 0.308 |
Note: Data were presented as median (IQR) or number (percentage). ED: emergence delirium; PACU: post-anesthesia care unit; NRS: numerical rating scale; HR: heart rate; MAP: mean arterial pressure; SpO2: oxygen saturation. A P-value < 0.05 indicates significant difference between the two groups